Question

students are studying how mutations in dna that result from external factors called mutagens can affect an organism. they consider changes that happen to dna and the possible causes of those mutations.
which three statements describe how mutations in dna can occur?
a. radiation from the sun alters the dna coding, which results in a new trait in the organism.
b. radiation from the sun alters cell structure, which results in a new dna code and new, abnormal traits.
c. inhalation of chemical pollutants in the air alters cell respiration, which produces a new, abnormal protein.
d. exposure to chemical pollutants alters the base sequences in dna, which introduces a new, abnormal trait in the organism.
e. carcinogenic compounds in cigarettes alter amino - acid sequences, which introduces a new abnormal protein in the organism.

Explanation:

Mutations in DNA can be caused by mutagens like radiation and chemicals. Radiation can alter DNA - coding directly (A). Chemical pollutants can change the base - sequences in DNA (D). Carcinogenic compounds can affect amino - acid sequences related to protein production in the organism (E).

Answer:

A. Radiation from the Sun alters the DNA coding, which results in a new trait in the organism.
D. Exposure to chemical pollutants alters the base sequences in DNA, which introduces a new, abnormal trait in the organism.
E. Carcinogenic compounds in cigarettes alter amino - acid sequences, which introduces a new abnormal protein in the organism.