Question

1. use targets of group 1 to indicate the relative concentration of glucose inside and outside the cell. 2. use targets of group 2 to indicate the direction that na+ ions and glucose move through the cotransporter. 3. use targets of group 3 to complete the sentences on the right, indicating how na+ ions and glucose move through the cotransporter relative to their electrochemical gradient. view available hint(s)

Explanation:

In a glucose - sodium cotransporter system, sodium ions ($Na^+$) have a higher concentration outside the cell and move down their electrochemical gradient into the cell. Glucose moves against its concentration gradient into the cell, using the energy provided by the downhill movement of sodium ions. So for glucose concentration, it is typically lower outside the cell compared to the inside in the context of this cotransport mechanism.

Answer:

1. [glucose] low (outside cell), [glucose] high (inside cell)
2. $Na^+$ and glucose both move down (into the cell)
3. 1. $Na^+$ moves down its electrochemical gradient. 2. Glucose moves against its concentration gradient.