vocabulary | definition
absolutism |
divine right |
versailles |
czar (tsar) |
constitutional monarchy |
petition of right |
glorious revolution |

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# Brief Explanations:
1. **Absolutism**: A system where a ruler has unlimited, centralized authority, with no checks from other institutions.
2. **Divine Right**: The belief that a monarch's right to rule comes directly from God, not the people, making their authority unchallengeable.
3. **Versailles**: A lavish royal palace in France, built by Louis XIV, used to centralize power and control the French nobility.
4. **Czar (Tsar)**: The title for the absolute monarch of Russia, derived from the Latin "Caesar," signifying imperial authority.
5. **Constitutional Monarchy**: A system where a monarch's power is limited by a written or unwritten constitution, with governance often led by an elected legislature.
6. **Petition of Right (1628)**: A British document that restricted King Charles I's power, forbidding arbitrary imprisonment, forced loans, and martial law in peacetime.
7. **Glorious Revolution (1688)**: A bloodless British revolution that replaced James II with William and Mary, establishing parliamentary supremacy and confirming constitutional monarchy.
# Answer:
| Vocabulary               | Definition                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Absolutism               | A system of rule with unlimited, centralized royal authority, no institutional checks.                                                                                                                      |
| Divine Right             | The idea that monarchs derive their right to rule directly from God, making their authority absolute and unaccountable to the public.                                                                       |
| Versailles               | A grand French royal palace built by Louis XIV; used to centralize power and assert the king's dominance over the nobility.                                                                                 |
| Czar (Tsar)              | The title for the absolute monarch of Russia, modeled after the Roman "Caesar," representing supreme imperial power.                                                                                         |
| Constitutional Monarchy   | A system where a monarch's power is constrained by a constitution, with most governing authority held by an elected legislative body.                                                                        |
| Petition of Right        | A 1628 British legal document limiting King Charles I's power, banning arbitrary imprisonment, forced taxes, and peacetime martial law.                                                                     |
| Glorious Revolution      | A 1688 bloodless British revolution that overthrew James II, installed William and Mary, and established parliamentary supremacy, solidifying constitutional monarchy in Britain.                          |

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Answer:

Vocabulary	Definition
Divine Right	The idea that monarchs derive their right to rule directly from God, making their authority absolute and unaccountable to the public.
Versailles	A grand French royal palace built by Louis XIV; used to centralize power and assert the king's dominance over the nobility.
Czar (Tsar)	The title for the absolute monarch of Russia, modeled after the Roman "Caesar," representing supreme imperial power.
Constitutional Monarchy	A system where a monarch's power is constrained by a constitution, with most governing authority held by an elected legislative body.
Petition of Right	A 1628 British legal document limiting King Charles I's power, banning arbitrary imprisonment, forced taxes, and peacetime martial law.
Glorious Revolution	A 1688 bloodless British revolution that overthrew James II, installed William and Mary, and established parliamentary supremacy, solidifying constitutional monarchy in Britain.