Question

vocabulary
use a term from the lesson to complete each sentence below.
1 is maintaining stable conditions inside the body.
2 a group of organs that interact is called a(n)
key concepts
3 compare how are the functions of the skeletal and muscular systems related?
4 identify what body system receives information from inside and outside the body and responds to that information?
5 explain how is skin part of the integumentary system and the excretory system?
6 describe what are the basic needs of all cells in the body?
7 relate give an example of how a cells structure relates to its function in the body.
critical thinking
use the graph to answer the following questions.
body temperature over time
8 analyze is the body in homeostasis during the entire time shown in the graph? explain.
9 predict what would happen to the body if the body temperature continued to decrease during the tenth hour instead of leveling off?
10 apply make a claim about how drinking large volumes of plain water after exercising may affect the salt balance in the body. summarize evidence and explain your reasoning.
11 infer reflect on how the failure of a specific body system to function properly would affect other body systems. build an argument for why all body systems must interact to carry out life processes based on your example. provide evidence and give details.

Explanation:

1. Homeostasis is the process of maintaining stable internal body conditions.
2. A group of interacting organs is called an organ - system.
3. The skeletal system provides support and a framework, while the muscular system enables movement. Muscles attach to bones, and their contractions move the bones.
4. The nervous system receives information from inside and outside the body and responds to it.
5. In the integumentary system, skin acts as a protective barrier. In the excretory system, it excretes sweat which contains water, salts, and small amounts of urea.
6. Basic needs of cells include oxygen, nutrients (such as glucose), water, and a suitable temperature and pH.
7. For example, red blood cells are biconcave and lack a nucleus. This structure allows them to carry more oxygen and squeeze through narrow capillaries.
8. The body is not in homeostasis during the entire time. There are fluctuations in body temperature, especially around hours 7 - 10, which deviate from the normal stable range.
9. If body temperature continued to decrease in the tenth hour, hypothermia could occur, leading to slowed metabolic processes, confusion, and potentially organ failure.
10. Drinking large volumes of plain water after exercising can dilute the salt concentration in the body, causing hyponatremia. Evidence: Excess water intake without sufficient salt intake disrupts the osmotic balance. Reasoning: Cells may swell as water moves into them due to the lower - than - normal salt concentration in the extracellular fluid.
11. For example, if the circulatory system fails, other systems won't receive enough oxygen and nutrients. All body systems must interact because each system depends on others for resources (like oxygen, nutrients) and for waste removal. Evidence: The digestive system breaks down food, but the circulatory system is needed to transport the nutrients to cells.

Answer:

1. Homeostasis
2. Organ - system
3. The skeletal system provides support and a framework for the body, while the muscular system enables movement. Muscles attach to bones, and when they contract, they move the bones.
4. Nervous system
5. In the integumentary system, skin serves as a protective barrier against pathogens and physical damage. In the excretory system, it excretes sweat which contains water, salts, and small amounts of urea.
6. Oxygen, nutrients (such as glucose), water, and a suitable temperature and pH.
7. Red blood cells are biconcave and lack a nucleus. This structure allows them to carry more oxygen and easily pass through narrow capillaries.
8. No. There are fluctuations in body temperature, especially around hours 7 - 10, which deviate from the normal stable range of homeostasis.
9. Hypothermia could occur, leading to slowed metabolic processes, confusion, and potentially organ failure.
10. Drinking large volumes of plain water after exercising may dilute the salt concentration in the body, causing hyponatremia. Evidence: Excess water intake without sufficient salt intake disrupts the osmotic balance. Reasoning: Cells may swell as water moves into them due to the lower - than - normal salt concentration in the extracellular fluid.
11. If the circulatory system fails, other systems won't receive enough oxygen and nutrients. All body systems must interact because each system depends on others for resources (like oxygen, nutrients) and for waste removal. Evidence: The digestive system breaks down food, but the circulatory system is needed to transport the nutrients to cells.