Question

what happens to dna when a mutation occurs? how do mutations affect the proteins that are formed? why is genetic variation beneficial for sexually reproducing organisms?

Explanation:

When a mutation occurs, the DNA sequence is altered. This can be a change in a single - base pair (point mutation) or larger - scale changes like insertions, deletions, or inversions. Mutations can affect protein formation because the DNA sequence codes for proteins. A change in the DNA sequence can change the mRNA sequence during transcription, which in turn can change the amino - acid sequence during translation. Genetic variation is beneficial for sexually reproducing organisms as it provides a wider range of traits in the population. This allows for a greater chance of survival in changing environments, as some individuals may have traits that are better suited to new conditions.

Answer:

1. When a mutation occurs, the DNA sequence is altered.
2. Mutations can change the mRNA sequence during transcription, which can change the amino - acid sequence of the protein during translation, potentially altering protein structure and function.
3. Genetic variation provides a wider range of traits in the population, increasing the chance of survival in changing environments.