Question

what is the main source of energy for active transport?
a. atp
b. glucose
c. oxygen
d. water

what is the primary difference between passive and active transport?
a. passive transport does not require energy, while active transport does.
b. active transport only occurs in plant cells, while passive transport occurs in all cells.
c. active transport does not require energy, while passive transport does.
d. passive transport moves molecules from low to high concentration, while active transport does the opposite.

what is endocytosis?
a. the passive transport of ions across the cell membrane
b. the process of the cell membrane engulfing external material to form a vesicle
c. the diffusion of water across the cell membrane
d. the release of substances from the cell

which molecules can pass through the phospholipid bilayer via simple diffusion?
a. proteins
b. ions like sodium and potassium
c. large polar molecules like glucose
d. small nonpolar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide

how does osmosis differ from simple diffusion?
a. osmosis involves the movement of proteins across the membrane.
b. osmosis occurs against a concentration gradient.
c. osmosis specifically involves the movement of water molecules.
d. osmosis requires energy input.

what is facilitated diffusion?
a. the engulfing of large molecules by the cell membrane
b. the movement of water through aquaporins
c. the movement of larger molecules or ions through channel proteins from high to low concentration
d. the movement of molecules from low to high concentration using atp

Explanation:

1. Active transport uses ATP as its main energy source. ATP provides the energy needed to move substances against their concentration gradient.
2. The key difference between passive and active transport is that passive transport does not require energy (it moves substances along the concentration gradient), while active transport does.
3. Endocytosis is the process where the cell - membrane engulfs external material to form a vesicle.
4. Small non - polar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through the phospholipid bilayer via simple diffusion due to their ability to dissolve in the lipid bilayer.
5. Osmosis specifically involves the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a semi - permeable membrane, which differentiates it from simple diffusion that can involve other substances.
6. Facilitated diffusion is the movement of larger molecules or ions through channel proteins from high to low concentration. It is a passive process that helps substances that cannot pass through the lipid bilayer directly.

Answer:

1. A. ATP
2. A. Passive transport does not require energy, while active transport does.
3. B. The process of the cell membrane engulfing external material to form a vesicle
4. D. Small nonpolar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide
5. C. Osmosis specifically involves the movement of water molecules.
6. C. The movement of larger molecules or ions through channel proteins from high to low concentration