Question

to what phylum do cleaner - shrimp belong? select one: a. arthropod b. vertebrate c. echinoderm why dont stinging cells of cnidaria hurt clownfish? select one: a. clown fish are covered with mucous to help protect them b. clownfish never touch the cnidarian c. clown fish are immune to the toxin

Explanation:

1. For the first question: Cleaner shrimp are invertebrates with exoskeletons, jointed appendages, and segmented bodies, which are key traits of the Arthropoda phylum. Vertebrates have a backbone (shrimp do not), and echinoderms have radial symmetry (like starfish, which shrimp do not have).
2. For the second question: Clownfish have a specialized layer of mucus on their skin that prevents the stinging cells (nematocysts) of cnidarians (like anemones) from triggering. They do touch cnidarians regularly, and they are not inherently immune to the toxin.

Answer:

1. a. Arthropod
2. a. Clown fish are covered with mucous to help protect them