Question

1. what is the significance of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration? a. it breaks down glucose into pyruvate. b. it directly produces water and oxygen. c. it occurs outside the mitochondrion. d. it generates nadh and fadh2 for the electron transport chain. 2. how does meiosis contribute to genetic diversity? a. by reducing the number of chromosomes b. through independent assortment and crossing - over c. by ensuring all offspring are genetically identical d. by producing identical copies of cells 3. what are the reactants in the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis? a. oxygen and glucose b. atp and nadph c. water and oxygen d. carbon dioxide and water

Explanation:

1. In cellular respiration, the Citric - Acid Cycle generates NADH and FADH2 which are used in the Electron - Transport Chain to produce ATP. Glucose is broken down to pyruvate in glycolysis, the Citric - Acid Cycle occurs in the mitochondria and does not directly produce water and oxygen.
2. Meiosis contributes to genetic diversity through independent assortment of chromosomes and crossing - over events during prophase I. Reducing the chromosome number is not the main way it contributes to diversity, and it does not ensure all offspring are identical or produce identical cell copies.
3. The overall chemical equation for photosynthesis is \(6CO_2 + 6H_2O

ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6+6O_2\), so the reactants are carbon dioxide and water.

Answer:

1. d. It generates NADH and FADH2 for the Electron Transport Chain.
2. b. Through independent assortment and crossing - over
3. d. Carbon dioxide and water