Question

which of the following examples demonstrates natural selection?
a. selective breeding of dogs for specific traits
b. creating seedless watermelons through cross - pollination
c. dark - colored moths becoming prevalent in polluted environments
d. farmers selectively breeding cows for higher milk production

what distinguishes artificial selection from natural selection?
a. natural selection focuses on human preferences
b. artificial selection is primarily driven by environmental pressures
c. artificial selection involves human - directed breeding
d. both are driven by environmental factors

what is the process of adaptation?
a. the random changes in an organisms dna
b. the process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment
c. the extinction of species that cannot adapt.
d. the gradual change in species due to human intervention

Explanation:

• For the first question, natural selection is a natural - process where organisms better adapted to the environment survive and reproduce. Dark - colored moths becoming prevalent in polluted environments is due to their better camouflage in such conditions, a result of natural environmental pressures. The other options involve human - directed breeding (artificial selection).
• For the second question, artificial selection is driven by human preferences and involves human - directed breeding, while natural selection is driven by environmental factors.
• For the third question, adaptation is the process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment.

Answer:

1. c. Dark - colored moths becoming prevalent in polluted environments
2. c. Artificial selection involves human - directed breeding
3. b. The process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment