Question

which of the following studies would be classified as \hypothesis - driven science\?
since plants depend on sunlight for photosynthesis, a study is conducted to determine if limiting sunlight slows below - ground (root) growth in sugar cane.
the numbers of grasshoppers are recorded in a grassy field in january, april, july, and october
the behavior of male alligators is recorded and documented during mating season
the influence of saline eye drops on the effectiveness of corrective contact lenses is studied

Explanation:

Hypothesis-driven science starts with a testable prediction (hypothesis) to investigate a causal relationship.

1. The first option has an implied hypothesis: Limiting sunlight slows below-ground (root) growth in sugar cane, derived from the known link between sunlight and photosynthesis, then tests this.
2. The second and third options are descriptive, only recording observations without testing a causal hypothesis.
3. The fourth option lacks a clear, stated testable prediction tied to existing knowledge to frame the study as hypothesis-driven.

Answer:

A. Since plants depend on sunlight for photosynthesis, a study is conducted to determine if limiting sunlight slows below-ground (root) growth in sugar cane.