Question

guided reading activity 7 - 3
response to crisis: absolutism
directions: fill in the blanks below as you read section 3.
i. __________ is a system in which a ruler holds total __________
a. in seventeenth - century europe, absolutism was tied to the divine ____________
b. the reign of ____________ in france is the best example of absolutism.

1. cardinal richelieu strengthened the ____________ by limiting rights and spying on the nobles.
2. louis xiv called himself the ____________
3. louis xiv had complete authority over __________, the ________ and __________

ii. __________ and __________ emerged as european powers after the thirty years’ war.
a. prussia was a small territory with no natural ____________ for defense.

1. frederick william built a large and efficient ____________
2. in 1701 frederick william’s son ____________ officially became king.

b. the ____________ had long served as emperors in the holy roman empire.

1. in the seventeenth century, they had lost the ____________ empire.
2. after the defeat of the turks in 1683, austria took control of all of __________, ________, ________, and __________

iii. ivan iv became the first russian ruler to take the title of ____________, or caesar.
a. the most prominent member of the ____________ dynasty was peter the great.
b. peter was especially eager to borrow european ____________ to modernize the army and navy.
c. a hard - fought war with ____________ enabled the building of st. petersburg.

Explanation:

Absolutism is a political - system where a ruler has total power. In 17th - century Europe, it was linked to the divine right of kings. Louis XIV's reign in France is a prime example. Cardinal Richelieu strengthened royal power. Louis XIV called himself the Sun King and had power over politics, religion, and the military. Prussia and Austria emerged as powers after the Thirty Years' War. Prussia had no natural barriers for defense but Frederick William built a strong army and his son Frederick I became king. The Habsburgs had been emperors in the Holy Roman Empire. After losing the Bohemian Empire, Austria expanded after defeating the Turks. Ivan IV took the title of Tsar. The Romanov dynasty's most prominent member was Peter the Great who borrowed European technology to modernize the military. A war with Sweden enabled the building of St. Petersburg.

Answer:

I. Absolutism; power
A. right of kings
B. Louis XIV

1. royal power
2. Sun King
3. politics; religion; military

II. Prussia; Austria
A. barriers

1. army
2. Frederick I

B. Habsburgs

1. Bohemian
2. Hungary; Transylvania; Croatia

III. Tsar
A. Romanov
B. technology
C. Sweden