Question

limit exercise classes to able-bodied residents.
require residents to purchase their own equipment.

1. what is an example of a structural brain change that affects cognition in aging adults?

increase in gray matter
decrease in neurotransmitters
enlargement of the hippocampus
formation of additional neural pathways

1. what is an age-related change in older adults that may impact their nutrition?

their metabolism slows, and caloric requirements increase.
their sense of taste and smell decreases.
their stomach becomes more elastic and holds more food.
their ability to taste salty foods increases.

Explanation:

Question 4

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• "Increase in gray matter": In aging, gray matter typically decreases, so this is incorrect.
• "Decrease in neurotransmitters": Neurotransmitter changes are chemical, not structural brain changes. Structural changes involve the brain's physical structure (like regions, pathways, etc.).
• "Enlargement of the hippocampus": The hippocampus (involved in memory) often shrinks with aging, so this is incorrect.
• "Formation of additional neural pathways": As the brain ages, it can form new neural pathways (neuroplasticity) as a structural change that affects cognition (e.g., adapting to changes or compensating for losses).

Analyze each option:

• "Their metabolism slows, and caloric requirements increase": Metabolism slows with age, so caloric requirements decrease, not increase. Incorrect.
• "Their sense of taste and smell decreases": A decrease in taste and smell can reduce appetite, impacting nutrition (since they may be less motivated to eat or enjoy food). This is a valid age - related change affecting nutrition.
• "Their stomach becomes more elastic and holds more food": With age, the stomach's elasticity decreases, not increases. Incorrect.
• "Their ability to taste salty foods increases": Taste sensitivity (including for salt) generally decreases with age, not increases. Incorrect.

Answer:

Formation of additional neural pathways

Question 5