Question

(02.06 mc)
how will cellular respiration and photosynthesis differ from each other?

○ cellular respiration uses mitochondria and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses chloroplasts and releases carbon dioxide.

○ cellular respiration uses mitochondria and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses chloroplasts and releases oxygen.

○ cellular respiration uses chloroplasts and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses mitochondria and releases carbon dioxide.

○ cellular respiration uses chloroplasts and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses mitochondria and releases oxygen.

Explanation:

To solve this, we recall the key differences between cellular respiration and photosynthesis:

• Cellular Respiration: Occurs in mitochondria. The process breaks down glucose, using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (energy). So it releases carbon dioxide.
• Photosynthesis: Occurs in chloroplasts (in plants/algae). It uses carbon dioxide and water, with light energy, to produce glucose and oxygen. So it releases oxygen.

Now let's analyze each option:

• First option: Wrong. Cellular respiration releases CO₂ (not O₂), photosynthesis releases O₂ (not CO₂).
• Second option: Correct. Matches the above descriptions (mitochondria for respiration, releases CO₂; chloroplasts for photosynthesis, releases O₂).
• Third option: Wrong. Cellular respiration uses mitochondria (not chloroplasts), photosynthesis uses chloroplasts (not mitochondria). Also, their gas releases are reversed.
• Fourth option: Wrong. Cellular respiration uses mitochondria (not chloroplasts), photosynthesis uses chloroplasts (not mitochondria).

Answer:

B. Cellular respiration uses mitochondria and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses chloroplasts and releases oxygen.