Question

1. for each of the following elements write

a. the electron configuration (3 pts for each)
b. orbital diagram (3 pts for each element)
a) sulfur b) actinium c) tellurium

Explanation:

Step1: Determine electron - configuration of sulfur

Sulfur has 16 electrons. Using the Aufbau principle, the electron - configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{4}$.

Step2: Draw orbital diagram of sulfur

The $1s$ orbital has 2 paired electrons, the $2s$ orbital has 2 paired electrons, the $2p$ orbitals have 6 electrons (2 in each of the three $p$ - orbitals, all paired), the $3s$ orbital has 2 paired electrons, and the $3p$ orbitals have 4 electrons (2 paired and 2 unpaired).

Step3: Determine electron - configuration of actinium

Actinium has 89 electrons. Its electron - configuration is $[Rn]7s^{2}6d^{1}$.

Step4: Draw orbital diagram of actinium

The $7s$ orbital has 2 paired electrons and the $6d$ orbital has 1 unpaired electron.

Step5: Determine electron - configuration of tellurium

Tellurium has 52 electrons. Its electron - configuration is $[Kr]4d^{10}5s^{2}5p^{4}$.

Step6: Draw orbital diagram of tellurium

The $4d$ orbitals have 10 paired electrons, the $5s$ orbital has 2 paired electrons, and the $5p$ orbitals have 4 electrons (2 paired and 2 unpaired).

Answer:

a) Sulfur:

• Electron - configuration: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{4}$
• Orbital diagram: $1s$: $\uparrow\downarrow$, $2s$: $\uparrow\downarrow$, $2p$: $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow\downarrow$, $3s$: $\uparrow\downarrow$, $3p$: $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow$ $\uparrow$

b) Actinium:

• Electron - configuration: $[Rn]7s^{2}6d^{1}$
• Orbital diagram: $7s$: $\uparrow\downarrow$, $6d$: $\uparrow$

c) Tellurium:

• Electron - configuration: $[Kr]4d^{10}5s^{2}5p^{4}$
• Orbital diagram: $4d$: $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow\downarrow$, $5s$: $\uparrow\downarrow$, $5p$: $\uparrow\downarrow$ $\uparrow$ $\uparrow$