Question

1. how are earth, the sun, and the moon aligned during a spring tide?

they are aligned in a straight line.
earth and the moon are aligned in a straight line, but the sun is at a right angle.
they are aligned at right angles to one another.
the sun and the moon are aligned in a straight line, but earth is at a right angle.

Explanation:

Spring tides occur when the gravitational pulls of the sun and moon combine, which happens when Earth, the sun, and the moon are in a straight line (during full moons or new moons). This alignment creates the highest high tides and lowest low tides.

Answer:

They are aligned in a straight line.