Question

1. which is not a unit of measurement in the metric system? a. meter b. inch c. liter d. gram
2. the basic unit of mass in si is the a. meter. b. ounce. c. liter. d. gram.
3. the three particles that make up atoms are a. protons, neutrons, and isotopes. b. neutrons, isotopes, and electrons. c. positives, negatives, and electrons. d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.
4. the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains a. protons. b. electrons. c. neutrons. d. ions.
5. the nucleus is made up of a. protons and electrons. b. protons and neutrons. c. neutrons. d. ions.
6. if an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is a. 1. b. 11. c. 12. d. 23.
7. which of the following makes up a molecule of water? a. one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen b. one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine c. one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen d. two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
8. a covalent bond is formed as the result of a. transferring electrons. b. sharing an electron pair. c. transferring protons. d. sharing a proton pair.
9. what type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons? a. neutral b. positive c. negative d. possibly positive or negative
10. what type of ion forms when an atom gains electrons? a. neutral b. positive c. negative d. possibly positive or negative
11. the most abundant compound in most living things is a. carbon dioxide. b. water. c. sodium chloride. d. sugar.
12. water molecules are polar, with the a. oxygen side being slightly positive and the hydrogen side being slightly negative. b. oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly positive. c. oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly negative. d. oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive.

Explanation:

1. The metric system uses meter, liter, gram etc. Inch is part of the imperial system.
2. The basic SI unit of mass is the kilogram, but among the given options, gram is a mass - related unit in SI. Meter is for length, ounce is imperial, liter is for volume.
3. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Isotopes are different forms of an element with the same number of protons but different neutrons.
4. The space around the nucleus contains electrons. Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus.
5. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. Electrons are outside the nucleus and ions are charged atoms or molecules.
6. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. So if there are 11 protons, the atomic number is 11.
7. A water molecule ($H_2O$) is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
8. A covalent bond is formed by sharing an electron - pair. Transferring electrons forms ionic bonds and protons are not involved in bond - formation in this way.
9. When an atom loses electrons, it forms a positive ion (cation) as it has more protons than electrons.
10. When an atom gains electrons, it forms a negative ion (anion) as it has more electrons than protons.
11. Water is the most abundant compound in most living things.
12. Water molecules are polar with the oxygen side being slightly negative (due to its higher electronegativity) and the hydrogen side being slightly positive.

Answer:

1. b. inch
2. d. gram
3. d. protons, neutrons, and electrons
4. b. electrons
5. c. protons and neutrons
6. b. 11
7. d. two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
8. b. sharing an electron pair
9. b. positive
10. c. negative
11. b. water
12. d. oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive