Question

1. during a total lunar eclipse, the moon

a. moves into earth’s umbra.
b. moves into the sun’s umbra.
c. moves into earth’s penumbra.
d. moves outside earth’s shadow.

1. what causes the erosion of rocks on the moon’s surface?

a. the eruption of lunar volcanoes
b. impacts of particles from space
c. weathering of wind - driven sand
d. the effect of ultraviolet radiation from space

1. what is the soil - like layer on the moon’s surface called?

a. maria
b. regolith
c. basalt
d. magma

1. long valleys or trenches associated with maria are

a. rays.
b. craters.
c. ejecta.
d. rilles.

Explanation:

1. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the moon moves into Earth's umbra, the region where the Sun is completely blocked by Earth.
2. The erosion of rocks on the moon's surface is mainly caused by impacts of particles from space since there is no atmosphere to support wind - driven sand weathering, and lunar volcanoes are not currently active in a way that causes significant erosion. Ultraviolet radiation does not cause erosion of rocks in the traditional sense.
3. The soil - like layer on the moon's surface is called regolith. Maria are large, dark, basaltic plains, basalt is a type of rock, and magma is molten rock beneath the surface.
4. Long valleys or trenches associated with maria are called rilles. Rays are bright streaks radiating from craters, craters are the bowl - shaped depressions, and ejecta are the materials thrown out during an impact event.

Answer:

1. a. moves into Earth’s umbra.
2. b. impacts of particles from space
3. b. regolith
4. d. rilles