Question

1. how many valence electrons do the following have?calcium ____ helium __silicon __ radium __argon __ aluminum __21. how many electrons do the following have?gold __ uranium __iron __ copper __22. does mercury have more protons and electrons than tin? ___________23. is mercury a heavier element than tin? ___________24. does potassium have more electrons than neon? ___________25. does hydrogen have more electrons than uranium? ___________26. which has more protons, sulfur or iodine? _____________part 2: directions: you will identify the group number and family name for each of the questions in the table below.# | group # | family name | questions1. | | | have a +1 charge2. | | | have a +2 charge3. | | | have a +3 charge4. | | | have a +/-4 charge5. | | | have a -3 charge6. | | | have a -2 charge7. | | | have a -1 charge8. | | | has either 2 or 8 valence electrons9. | | | includes uranium and plutonium10. | | | are stable and unreactive11. | | | iodine is an example of an element in this group12. | | | have 8 valence electrons13. | | | have 4 valence electrons14. | | | are dull, brittle and do not conduct electricity15. | | | the most reactive non-metals16. | | | the most reactive metals17. | | | tin is an example of an element in this group18. | | | have a 0 charge19. | | | bromine is an example of an element in this group20. | | | beryllium, magnesium and calcium are examples of elements in this group

Explanation:

Step1: Find valence electrons (Group A)

Valence electrons = Group A number (main groups); He = 2.

• Calcium (Group 2A): 2
• Helium (Group 18): 2
• Silicon (Group 4A): 4
• Radium (Group 2A): 2
• Argon (Group 18): 8
• Aluminum (Group 3A): 3

Step2: Find total electrons (neutral = atomic #)

Total electrons = Atomic number (neutral atoms):

• Gold (Atomic #79): 79
• Uranium (Atomic #92): 92
• Iron (Atomic #26): 26
• Copper (Atomic #29): 29

Step3: Compare protons/electrons (atomic # = protons = electrons)

• Q22: Hg (#80) > Sn (#50): Yes
• Q23: Hg (200.59 amu) > Sn (118.71 amu): Yes
• Q24: K (#19) < Ne (#10)? No (19>10): Yes
• Q25: H (#1) < U (#92): No
• Q26: S (#16) < I (#53): Iodine

Step4: Match groups/families to properties

1. Group 1, Alkali Metals (+1 charge)
2. Group 2, Alkaline Earth Metals (+2 charge)
3. Group 13, Boron Group (+3 charge)
4. Group 14, Carbon Group (+/-4 charge)
5. Group 15, Nitrogen Group (-3 charge)
6. Group 16, Chalcogens (-2 charge)
7. Group 17, Halogens (-1 charge)
8. Groups 2,18 (2/8 valence)
9. Group 3-12, Transition Metals (includes U, Pu)
10. Group 18, Noble Gases (stable/unreactive)
11. Group 17, Halogens (Iodine is member)
12. Group 18, Noble Gases (8 valence)
13. Group 14, Carbon Group (4 valence)
14. Nonmetals (Groups 14-18, except noble gases)
15. Group 17, Halogens (most reactive nonmetals)
16. Group 1, Alkali Metals (most reactive metals)
17. Group 14, Carbon Group (Tin is member)
18. Group 18, Noble Gases (0 charge)
19. Group 17, Halogens (Bromine is member)
20. Group 2, Alkaline Earth Metals (Be, Mg, Ca members)

Answer:

Part 1

1. Valence electrons:

Calcium: 2; Helium: 2; Silicon: 4; Radium: 2; Argon: 8; Aluminum: 3

1. Total electrons:

Gold: 79; Uranium: 92; Iron: 26; Copper: 29

1. Yes
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. No
5. Iodine

Part 2

#	Group #	Family Name
2	2	Alkaline Earth Metals
3	13	Boron Group
4	14	Carbon Group
5	15	Nitrogen Group
6	16	Chalcogens
7	17	Halogens
8	2, 18	Alkaline Earth Metals, Noble Gases
9	3-12	Transition Metals
10	18	Noble Gases
11	17	Halogens
12	18	Noble Gases
13	14	Carbon Group
14	14-17	Nonmetals
15	17	Halogens
16	1	Alkali Metals
17	14	Carbon Group
18	18	Noble Gases
19	17	Halogens
20	2	Alkaline Earth Metals