Question

1. complete the following table.

characteristic: | ionic compounds | covalent compounds
melting point | |
boiling point | |
conductivity in solution | |
state of matter at room temperature | |

Explanation:

To complete the table, we analyze the properties of ionic and covalent compounds:

Step 1: Melting Point

• Ionic Compounds: Have high melting points (strong ionic bonds require large energy to break).
• Covalent Compounds: Have low melting points (weak intermolecular forces).

Step 2: Boiling Point

• Ionic Compounds: High boiling points (similar to melting point logic, strong bonds).
• Covalent Compounds: Low boiling points (weak intermolecular forces).

Step 3: Conductivity in Solution

• Ionic Compounds: Conduct electricity (dissociate into ions, which carry charge).
• Covalent Compounds: Do not conduct (most do not dissociate into ions).

Step 4: State of Matter at Room Temperature

• Ionic Compounds: Solid (due to strong ionic bonds holding ions in a lattice).
• Covalent Compounds: Usually liquid or gas (weak intermolecular forces; some, like diamond, are solid but non - conducting).

Characteristic	Ionic Compounds	Covalent Compounds
Boiling point	High	Low
Conductivity in solution	Conducts electricity	Does not conduct
State of matter at room temperature	Solid	Liquid or gas (or solid for some exceptions like diamond)

(Note: For temperature, ionic compounds are solid (room temp ~25°C is below their high melting points), covalent compounds (like H₂O is liquid, CO₂ is gas, etc.) follow their typical states.)

Answer:

To complete the table, we analyze the properties of ionic and covalent compounds:

Step 1: Melting Point

• Ionic Compounds: Have high melting points (strong ionic bonds require large energy to break).
• Covalent Compounds: Have low melting points (weak intermolecular forces).

Step 2: Boiling Point

• Ionic Compounds: High boiling points (similar to melting point logic, strong bonds).
• Covalent Compounds: Low boiling points (weak intermolecular forces).

Step 3: Conductivity in Solution

• Ionic Compounds: Conduct electricity (dissociate into ions, which carry charge).
• Covalent Compounds: Do not conduct (most do not dissociate into ions).

Step 4: State of Matter at Room Temperature

• Ionic Compounds: Solid (due to strong ionic bonds holding ions in a lattice).
• Covalent Compounds: Usually liquid or gas (weak intermolecular forces; some, like diamond, are solid but non - conducting).

Characteristic	Ionic Compounds	Covalent Compounds
Boiling point	High	Low
Conductivity in solution	Conducts electricity	Does not conduct
State of matter at room temperature	Solid	Liquid or gas (or solid for some exceptions like diamond)

(Note: For temperature, ionic compounds are solid (room temp ~25°C is below their high melting points), covalent compounds (like H₂O is liquid, CO₂ is gas, etc.) follow their typical states.)