37. what is energy?

a. what is potential energy?

b. what is kinetic energy?

38. which has more kinetic energy (ke) in each situation?

a. a 5 g object traveling at 20 m/s or a 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s?

b. a 10 kg object traveling at 10m/s or a 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s?

39. what type of energy changes in each of the following situations? (kinetic or potential)

a. an object’s temperature increases

b. an object is raised higher

c. a moving object is stopped

40. for the pendulum in the diagram to the right, at what point is…

a. …the ke the least?

b. …the ke the greatest?

c. …the pe the least?

d. …the pe the greatest?

41. match each of the following measurements with the variable it measures.
___ 10 m a. acceleration
___ 12 m/s b. velocity
___ 15 m/s² c. force
___ 17 n d. distance
___ 20 j e. energy

Question

37. what is energy?

a. what is potential energy?

b. what is kinetic energy?

38. which has more kinetic energy (ke) in each situation?

a. a 5 g object traveling at 20 m/s or a 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s?

b. a 10 kg object traveling at 10m/s or a 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s?

39. what type of energy changes in each of the following situations? (kinetic or potential)

a. an object’s temperature increases

b. an object is raised higher

c. a moving object is stopped

40. for the pendulum in the diagram to the right, at what point is…

a. …the ke the least?

b. …the ke the greatest?

c. …the pe the least?

d. …the pe the greatest?

41. match each of the following measurements with the variable it measures.
___ 10 m  		a. acceleration
___ 12 m/s  		b. velocity
___ 15 m/s²  		c. force
___ 17 n  		d. distance
___ 20 j  		e. energy

Accepted Answer

### Question 37
#### a. What is potential energy?
# Brief Explanations:
Potential energy (PE) is the stored energy an object has due to its position, shape, or state. For example, gravitational potential energy depends on an object's height ($PE = mgh$, where $m$ is mass, $g$ is acceleration due to gravity, and $h$ is height) or elastic potential energy in a stretched spring.
# Answer:
Potential energy is the stored energy an object has due to its position, shape, or state (e.g., gravitational PE from height, elastic PE from deformation).

#### b. What is kinetic energy?
# Brief Explanations:
Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. The formula is $KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$, where $m$ is mass and $v$ is velocity. It depends on both mass and speed of the moving object.
# Answer:
Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion, calculated as $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$ (where $m$ = mass, $v$ = velocity).

### Question 38
#### a. A 5 g object traveling at 20 m/s or a 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s?
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall KE formula
The formula for kinetic energy is $KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$.
## Step 2: Convert units (5 g to kg)
$5\ g = 0.005\ kg$.
## Step 3: Calculate KE for 5 g object
For $m = 0.005\ kg$ and $v = 20\ m/s$:
$KE_1=\frac{1}{2}(0.005)(20)^{2}=\frac{1}{2}(0.005)(400)= 1\ J$.
## Step 4: Calculate KE for 10 kg object
For $m = 10\ kg$ and $v = 20\ m/s$:
$KE_2=\frac{1}{2}(10)(20)^{2}=\frac{1}{2}(10)(400)= 2000\ J$.
## Step 5: Compare KE values
Since $2000\ J>1\ J$, the 10 kg object has more KE.
# Answer:
The 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s has more kinetic energy.

#### b. A 10 kg object traveling at 10 m/s or a 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s?
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall KE formula
$KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$.
## Step 2: Calculate KE for 10 m/s
For $m = 10\ kg$, $v = 10\ m/s$:
$KE_1=\frac{1}{2}(10)(10)^{2}=\frac{1}{2}(10)(100)= 500\ J$.
## Step 3: Calculate KE for 20 m/s
For $m = 10\ kg$, $v = 20\ m/s$:
$KE_2=\frac{1}{2}(10)(20)^{2}=\frac{1}{2}(10)(400)= 2000\ J$.
## Step 4: Compare KE values
Since $2000\ J>500\ J$, the 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s has more KE.
# Answer:
The 10 kg object traveling at 20 m/s has more kinetic energy.

### Question 39
#### a. An object’s temperature increases
# Brief Explanations:
When an object’s temperature increases, its internal energy (a form of kinetic energy at the molecular level, as molecules move faster) or thermal energy (related to kinetic energy of particles) increases. So the kinetic energy (of its molecules) changes (increases).
# Answer:
Kinetic energy (molecular KE increases with temperature).

#### b. An object is raised higher
# Brief Explanations:
When an object is raised higher, its height relative to a reference point increases. Gravitational potential energy depends on height ($PE = mgh$), so potential energy (specifically gravitational PE) changes (increases).
# Answer:
Potential energy (gravitational PE increases with height).

#### c. A moving object is stopped
# Brief Explanations:
A moving object has kinetic energy ($KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$). When it stops, its velocity becomes 0, so its kinetic energy decreases (to 0). Thus, kinetic energy changes (decreases).
# Answer:
Kinetic energy (KE decreases to 0 as motion stops).

### Question 40 (Using the pendulum diagram with points A, B, C, D; C is the lowest point, A and the symmetric point are highest)
#### a. …the KE the least?
# Brief Explanations:
Kinetic energy is least when velocity is least. At the highest points (like A and its symmetric counterpart), the pendulum momentarily stops (velocity = 0) before changing direction. So at point A (and the other highest point), KE is least.
# Answer:
At the highest points (e.g., point A), where velocity is 0, KE is least.

#### b. …the KE the greatest?
# Brief Explanations:
Kinetic energy is greatest when velocity is greatest. At the lowest point (C), the pendulum has the maximum speed (all potential energy is converted to kinetic energy). So at point C, KE is greatest.
# Answer:
At the lowest point (e.g., point C), where speed is maximum, KE is greatest.

#### c. …the PE the least?
# Brief Explanations:
Potential energy (gravitational) is least when height is least. The lowest point (C) has the smallest height relative to the pivot, so PE is least at point C.
# Answer:
At the lowest point (e.g., point C), where height is minimum, PE is least.

#### d. …the PE the greatest?
# Brief Explanations:
Potential energy (gravitational) is greatest when height is greatest. At the highest points (like A and its symmetric point), the height is maximum, so PE is greatest at point A (and the other highest point).
# Answer:
At the highest points (e.g., point A), where height is maximum, PE is greatest.

#### e. …the KE and the PE about even?
# Brief Explanations:
At points between the highest (A) and lowest (C) (like B and D), some potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, and vice versa. At these mid - points, the energy is a mix, so KE and PE are approximately equal (neither all PE nor all KE).
# Answer:
At mid - points (e.g., point B or D) between the highest and lowest, KE and PE are about even.

### Question 41
We match the measurement units to the physical quantity:
- Distance is measured in meters (m), so $10\ m$ matches d. Distance.
- Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), so $12\ m/s$ matches b. Velocity.
- Acceleration is measured in meters per second squared ($m/s^{2}$), so $15\ m/s^{2}$ matches a. Acceleration.
- Force is measured in Newtons (N), so $17\ N$ matches c. Force.
- Energy is measured in Joules (J), so $20\ J$ matches e. Energy.

# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall units for each quantity
- Distance: meters (m)
- Velocity: meters per second (m/s)
- Acceleration: meters per second squared ($m/s^{2}$)
- Force: Newtons (N)
- Energy: Joules (J)
## Step 2: Match each measurement
- $10\ m$ → d. Distance
- $12\ m/s$ → b. Velocity
- $15\ m/s^{2}$ → a. Acceleration
- $17\ N$ → c. Force
- $20\ J$ → e. Energy

# Answer:
- $10\ m$: d. Distance
- $12\ m/s$: b. Velocity
- $15\ m/s^{2}$: a. Acceleration
- $17\ N$: c. Force
- $20\ J$: e. Energy

Sovi.AI - AI Math Tutor

QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 37

a. What is potential energy?

Step 1: Recall KE formula

Step 2: Convert units (5 g to kg)

Step 3: Calculate KE for 5 g object

Step 4: Calculate KE for 10 kg object

Step 5: Compare KE values

Answer:

b. What is kinetic energy?