Question

$n_2 + 3h_2
ightarrow 2nh_3$
what volume of hydrogen is necessary to react with five liters of nitrogen to produce ammonia? (assume constant temperature and pressure.)

1. what volume of ammonia is produced in the reaction in problem 1?

$c_3h_8 + 5o_2
ightarrow 3co_2 + 4h_2o$
if 20 liters of oxygen are consumed in the above reaction, how many liters of carbon dioxide are produced?

1. $2h_2o

ightarrow 2h_2 + o_2$
if 30 ml of hydrogen are produced in the above reaction, how many milliliters of oxygen are produced?

1. $2co + o_2

ightarrow 2co_2$
how many liters of carbon dioxide are produced if 75 liters of carbon monoxide are burned in oxygen? how many liters of oxygen are necessary?

Explanation:

Problem 1

Step1: Use mole volume ratio

From $\ce{N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3}$, volume ratio $\ce{N2:H2 = 1:3}$.

Step2: Calculate $\ce{H2}$ volume

$V_{\ce{H2}} = 5\ \text{L} \times 3 = 15\ \text{L}$

Problem 2

Step1: Use mole volume ratio

From $\ce{N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3}$, volume ratio $\ce{N2:NH3 = 1:2}$.

Step2: Calculate $\ce{NH3}$ volume

$V_{\ce{NH3}} = 5\ \text{L} \times 2 = 10\ \text{L}$

Problem 3

Step1: Use mole volume ratio

From $\ce{C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O}$, volume ratio $\ce{O2:CO2 = 5:3}$.

Step2: Calculate $\ce{CO2}$ volume

$V_{\ce{CO2}} = 20\ \text{L} \times \frac{3}{5} = 12\ \text{L}$

Problem 4

Step1: Use mole volume ratio

From $\ce{2H2O -> 2H2 + O2}$, volume ratio $\ce{H2:O2 = 2:1}$.

Step2: Calculate $\ce{O2}$ volume

$V_{\ce{O2}} = 30\ \text{mL} \times \frac{1}{2} = 15\ \text{mL}$

Problem 5

Step1: Calculate $\ce{CO2}$ volume

From $\ce{2CO + O2 -> 2CO2}$, volume ratio $\ce{CO:CO2 = 1:1}$.
$V_{\ce{CO2}} = 75\ \text{L} \times 1 = 75\ \text{L}$

Step2: Calculate $\ce{O2}$ volume

Volume ratio $\ce{CO:O2 = 2:1}$.
$V_{\ce{O2}} = 75\ \text{L} \times \frac{1}{2} = 37.5\ \text{L}$

Answer:

1. 15 liters of hydrogen
2. 10 liters of ammonia
3. 12 liters of carbon dioxide
4. 15 milliliters of oxygen
5. 75 liters of carbon dioxide; 37.5 liters of oxygen