Question

analyzing starlight

• ball of gas, emits light.
• - creates a spectrum of colors

+ determines composition & temperature of stars
composition of stars

• colors & lines in spectrum indicate
• most common element =
• second most common =

temperatures of stars

• surface temp is indicated by
• range from 2800°c to 24,000°c
• stars 35,000°c (hottest)
• stars 3,000°c (coolest)
• stars 5,500°c (sun)

sizes & masses of stars

• most are smaller and less massive than the
• some have diameters 1000x the suns diameter.
• most are -sized
• many have a mass about the same as the sun.
• stars can be smaller and more dense or larger and less dense than the sun.

apparent motion of stars

• apparent motion as it appears from
• forms a pattern as earth rotates
• as earth orbits the sun different stars become visible during different

circumpolar stars

• always in the night sky.
• appear to circle (north star)
• the farther the observer from the - the fewer circumpolar stars can be seen

actual motion of the stars

• change in frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving.
• color spectrum of a star moving toward earth =
• shift.
• wavelength as it moves closer.
• moving away =
• shift,
• wavelength
• distant galaxies all have shift.

distances to stars

• (ly) distance light travels in one year.

+ starlight we see is from distant past!

• sunlight takes to reach us.
• after the sun the next nearest is 4.2 ly away.
• apparent shift in position of an object when viewed from different locations

created by s. dice
10/15/24 1

Explanation:

A star is a ball - of gas that emits light. Spectroscopy is used to determine star composition and temperature. Hydrogen (H) is the most common element in stars and helium (He) is the second - most common. Star color indicates surface temperature, with blue stars being the hottest, red stars the coolest, and yellow stars like the Sun having a moderate temperature. Most stars are smaller and less massive than the Sun, and many are of similar mass. The apparent motion of stars is seen from Earth, forming a circular pattern as Earth rotates, and different stars are visible in different seasons as Earth orbits the Sun. Circumpolar stars are always visible and appear to circle the North Star. The Doppler effect describes the change in wave frequency when the source or observer is moving, with a blue - shift for stars moving towards Earth (shorter wavelength) and a red - shift for those moving away (longer wavelength). Distances to stars are measured in light - years (LY), sunlight takes about 8 minutes and 20 seconds to reach Earth, and the next nearest star after the Sun is Proxima Centauri at 4.2 LY away. Parallax is the apparent shift in an object's position when viewed from different locations.

Answer:

1. Star
2. Spectroscopy
3. Elements
4. Hydrogen
5. Helium
6. Color
7. Blue
8. Red
9. Yellow
10. Sun
11. Small
12. Earth
13. Circular
14. Seasons
15. Visible
16. Polaris (North Star)
17. Equator
18. Doppler effect
19. Blue
20. Shorter
21. Red
22. Longer
23. Red
24. Light - year
25. 8 minutes and 20 seconds
26. Star (Proxima Centauri)
27. Parallax