Question

chemical reactions
for each chemical reaction indicate whether the first reactant on the left side of the equation is an acid or a base.
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naoh -> na⁺ + oh⁻
hcl -> h⁺ + cl⁻
nh₃ + h₂o -> nh₄⁺ + oh⁻
h₂co₃ -> h⁺ + hco₃⁻
acid (1/2) base (2/2)

Explanation:

1. For $NaOH

ightarrow Na^+ + OH^-$, $NaOH$ dissociates to give $OH^-$ ions, so it is a base according to the Arrhenius definition.

1. For $HCl

ightarrow H^+ + Cl^-$, $HCl$ dissociates to give $H^+$ ions, so it is an acid according to the Arrhenius definition.

1. For $NH_3 + H_2O

ightarrow NH_4^+ + OH^-$, $NH_3$ accepts a proton from water to form $NH_4^+$ and $OH^-$ is produced in solution. According to the Brønsted - Lowry definition, $NH_3$ is a base.

1. For $H_2CO_3

ightarrow H^+ + HCO_3^-$, $H_2CO_3$ dissociates to give $H^+$ ions, so it is an acid according to the Arrhenius definition.

Answer:

1. $NaOH

ightarrow Na^+ + OH^-$: Base

1. $HCl

ightarrow H^+ + Cl^-$: Acid

1. $NH_3 + H_2O

ightarrow NH_4^+ + OH^-$: Base

1. $H_2CO_3

ightarrow H^+ + HCO_3^-$: Acid