Question

in chemistry, the ph of a solution is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. water has a ph of 7 and, in general, acids have a ph less than 7 and alkaline solutions have a ph greater than 7. find the ph of a solution with a hydronium ion concentration of 6 × 10⁻⁶ moles/liter. round your answer to two decimal places, if necessary.
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Explanation:

Step1: Recall the pH formula

The formula for calculating the pH of a solution from the hydronium ion concentration \([H_3O^+]\) is \(pH = -\log_{10}([H_3O^+])\). Here, the hydronium ion concentration \([H_3O^+]=6\times 10^{-6}\) moles/liter.

Step2: Substitute the value into the formula

Substitute \([H_3O^+]=6\times 10^{-6}\) into the formula: \(pH = -\log_{10}(6\times 10^{-6})\).
We can use the logarithm property \(\log(ab)=\log(a)+\log(b)\), so \(\log_{10}(6\times 10^{-6})=\log_{10}(6)+\log_{10}(10^{-6})\).
Since \(\log_{10}(10^{-6})=- 6\) and \(\log_{10}(6)\approx0.7782\), then \(\log_{10}(6\times 10^{-6})\approx0.7782 - 6=- 5.2218\).
Then \(pH=-(-5.2218) = 5.2218\).

Step3: Round to two decimal places

Rounding \(5.2218\) to two decimal places gives \(5.22\).

Answer:

\(5.22\)