Question

1. count: review the lewis diagrams you drew above. note that each element tends to form a certain number of chemical bonds. this value is the valence of the element.

for each element in the table below, use the gizmo to find the number of valence electrons and the list the valence based on the lewis diagram. then find the sum of these numbers.

element	symbol	# of valence electrons	valence	sum
hydrogen	h
oxygen	o
nitrogen	n
chlorine	cl
carbon	c

1. make a rule: if you knew the number of valence electrons in a nonmetal atom, how would you determine

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Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each element's valence electrons and valence (bond - forming ability) based on chemical knowledge:

Step 1: Fluorine (F)

• Valence Electrons: Fluorine is in group 17 of the periodic table. The number of valence electrons for group 17 elements is 7. So, the number of valence electrons for F is 7.
• Valence: Fluorine typically forms 1 bond (to achieve an octet by gaining 1 electron), so its valence is 1.
• Sum: $7 + 1=8$

Step 2: Hydrogen (H)

• Valence Electrons: Hydrogen is in group 1, so it has 1 valence electron.
• Valence: Hydrogen typically forms 1 bond (to achieve a duet), so its valence is 1.
• Sum: $1+1 = 2$

Step 3: Oxygen (O)

• Valence Electrons: Oxygen is in group 16, so it has 6 valence electrons.
• Valence: Oxygen typically forms 2 bonds (to gain 2 electrons for an octet), so its valence is 2.
• Sum: $6 + 2=8$

Step 4: Nitrogen (N)

• Valence Electrons: Nitrogen is in group 15, so it has 5 valence electrons.
• Valence: Nitrogen typically forms 3 bonds (to gain 3 electrons for an octet), so its valence is 3.
• Sum: $5+3 = 8$

Step 5: Chlorine (Cl)

• Valence Electrons: Chlorine is in group 17, so it has 7 valence electrons.
• Valence: Chlorine typically forms 1 bond (to gain 1 electron for an octet), so its valence is 1.
• Sum: $7 + 1=8$

Step 6: Carbon (C)

• Valence Electrons: Carbon is in group 14, so it has 4 valence electrons.
• Valence: Carbon typically forms 4 bonds (to achieve an octet by sharing electrons), so its valence is 4.
• Sum: $4+4 = 8$

Now, we can fill the table:

Element	Symbol	# of valence electrons	Valence	Sum
Hydrogen	H	1	1	2
Oxygen	O	6	2	8
Nitrogen	N	5	3	8
Chlorine	Cl	7	1	8
Carbon	C	4	4	8

If we were to find the total sum of all the "Sum" values: $8 + 2+8 + 8+8 + 8=42$

(Note: If the question was just to fill the table, the above table is the answer. If it was to find the total sum of the "Sum" column, the answer is 42)

If we assume the question is to fill the table with the correct values for each element:

Step1: Identify each sum value

The sum values are 8, 2, 8, 8, 8, 8.

Step2: Add them together

$8+2 + 8+8+8+8=42$

Answer:

(Table Filled):

Element	Symbol	# of valence electrons	Valence	Sum
Hydrogen	H	1	1	2
Oxygen	O	6	2	8
Nitrogen	N	5	3	8
Chlorine	Cl	7	1	8
Carbon	C	4	4	8

If the question was to find the sum of all the "Sum" values: