Question

1. describe ionic bonding and what happens between na and cl when they bond. include why the symbol for cl is negative and na is positive.
2. explain how polar molecules dissolve sodium chloride.

Explanation:

1. Ionic bonding is the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non - metal. Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron and chlorine (Cl) has 7. Na donates its valence electron to Cl. Na becomes a positively charged ion (cation, $Na^+$) as it loses an electron. Cl becomes a negatively charged ion (anion, $Cl^-$) as it gains an electron. Oppositely charged ions attract to form an ionic bond.
2. Polar molecules, like water, have a partial positive and partial negative end. The partial positive end of the polar molecule is attracted to the negatively charged $Cl^-$ ions of sodium chloride, and the partial negative end is attracted to the positively charged $Na^+$ ions. This attraction pulls the ions apart, dissolving sodium chloride.

Answer:

1. Ionic bonding is electron - transfer. Na donates an electron to Cl, Na becomes $Na^+$ as it loses an electron and Cl becomes $Cl^-$ as it gains an electron, and they bond due to opposite - charge attraction.
2. Polar molecules have partial charges that attract the ions in sodium chloride, pulling them apart and dissolving the compound.