Question

this element has 5 protons in its nucleus. the atomic number of this element is 10. this element has 54 electrons surrounding its nucleus. this element has 4 more protons than silicon (si). this element has 2 fewer electrons than strontium (sr) surrounding its nucleus. the atomic number of this element is 31. this element has one less proton than arsenic (as). the atomic number of this element is 34. this element is found directly above the element whose atomic number is 34.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - number definition

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.

Step2: Identify elements based on given data

Element 1

If an element has 5 protons in its nucleus, its atomic number is 5. The element with atomic number 5 is Boron (B).

Element 2

If the atomic number of an element is 10, the element is Neon (Ne).

Element 3

If an element has 54 electrons (in a neutral atom, number of electrons = number of protons = atomic number), the element is Xenon (Xe).

Element 4

Silicon (Si) has an atomic number of 14. An element with 4 more protons than Si has 14 + 4=18 protons. The element with atomic number 18 is Argon (Ar).

Element 5

Strontium (Sr) has an atomic number of 38. An element with 2 fewer electrons (and thus 2 fewer protons) than Sr has 38 - 2 = 36 protons. The element with atomic number 36 is Krypton (Kr).

Element 6

If the atomic number of an element is 31, the element is Gallium (Ga).

Element 7

Arsenic (As) has an atomic number of 33. An element with one - less proton than As has 33-1 = 32 protons. The element with atomic number 32 is Germanium (Ge).

Element 8

If the atomic number of an element is 34, the element is Selenium (Se).

Element 9

The element directly above the element with atomic number 34 (Selenium) has an atomic number of 16. The element with atomic number 16 is Sulfur (S).

Answer:

Boron (B), Neon (Ne), Xenon (Xe), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Gallium (Ga), Germanium (Ge), Selenium (Se), Sulfur (S)