Question

exercise 3: read the text again and answer the questions below: 1. which two countries declared war on germany for invading poland? 2. which nations were conquered by germany in 1940? 3. which country was germanys first military failure? 4. which country did italy invade? 5. why did the ussr prove to be the downfall of germanys war effort? 6. which two battles forced germany into a full - scale retreat? 7. who were the first to reach the german capital of berlin and force germany to surrender in may 1945? 8. which event caused the war in the pacific to begin? 9. what did japan do after its attack to pearl harbour? 10. in which battle did japan suffer a catastrophic defeat? 11. by which time had most of japans conquests been liberated? 12. on which two cities did the united states drop two atomic bombs, causing japan to surrender?

Explanation:

1. The countries that declared war on Germany for invading Poland were Britain and France.
2. Germany's first military failure was the Battle of Britain.
3. Italy invaded Ethiopia.
4. The Soviet - Union's victories in battles like Stalingrad and Kursk were crucial in proving to be the downfall of Germany's war effort. Two such battles were Stalingrad and Kursk.
5. The first to reach the German capital of Berlin and force Germany to surrender in May 1945 were the Soviet forces.
6. The event that caused the war in the Pacific to begin was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
7. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan expanded its conquests in the Pacific. One of the things it did was to invade and occupy many islands and territories in Southeast Asia and the Pacific.
8. Japan suffered a catastrophic defeat in the Battle of Midway.
9. By the end of the war, most of Japan's conquests were liberated towards the end of the war. The two main times were after the Allied island - hopping campaigns and after the atomic bombings.
10. The United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, causing Japan to surrender.

Answer:

1. Britain and France
2. The Battle of Britain
3. Ethiopia
4. Stalingrad, Kursk
5. The Soviet Union
6. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
7. Expansion in the Pacific and Southeast Asia (e.g., island - hopping conquests)
8. The Battle of Midway
9. After Allied island - hopping campaigns and after atomic bombings
10. Hiroshima, Nagasaki