Question

exit ticket: write the full electron - configuration and draw the orbital notation for each of the following atoms: 1. boron 2. helium 3. sulfur 4. argon 5. *for each subshell below, indicate the maximum number of electrons that can be found. 1s: __ 2s: 2p: 3s: 3p: __ 6. explain how the quantum mechanical model differs from the bohr model.

Explanation:

Step1: Determine electron - configuration rules

Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy (1s < 2s < 2p < 3s < 3p etc.). The s - subshell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and the p - subshell can hold a maximum of 6 electrons.

Step2: Find atomic numbers

Boron (B) has an atomic number of 5, Helium (He) has an atomic number of 2, Sulfur (S) has an atomic number of 16, and Argon (Ar) has an atomic number of 18.

Step3: Write electron configurations

Boron

The electron configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{1}$.

Helium

The electron configuration is $1s^{2}$.

Sulfur

The electron configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{4}$.

Argon

The electron configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}$.

Step4: Determine maximum electrons in subshells

The 1s subshell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the 2s subshell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the 2p subshell can hold a maximum of 6 electrons, the 3s subshell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and the 3p subshell can hold a maximum of 6 electrons.

Step5: Explain model differences

The Bohr model depicts electrons in fixed, circular orbits around the nucleus. The quantum - mechanical model describes the probability of finding an electron in a certain region of space (an orbital) around the nucleus, and it takes into account the wave - like properties of electrons.

Answer:

1. Boron electron configuration: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{1}$
2. Helium electron configuration: $1s^{2}$
3. Sulfur electron configuration: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{4}$
4. Argon electron configuration: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}$
5. 1s: 2, 2s: 2, 2p: 6, 3s: 2, 3p: 6
6. The Bohr model has electrons in fixed orbits; the quantum - mechanical model describes electron probability in orbitals and considers electron wave - like properties.