Question

(a) a flute instructor examined student progress. she found that playing a longer song does not necessarily mean that a student will have more or fewer wrong notes. what can she conclude? there is no correlation between song length and number of wrong notes. there is a correlation between song length and number of wrong notes. there may or may not be causation. further studies would have to be done to determine this. there is a correlation between song length and number of wrong notes. there is probably also causation. this is because there is likely an increase in the number of wrong notes with an increase in the song length. (b) an environmental study was conducted. it reported that, for a park, having more visitors indicates having a larger number of trees. what can be determined? there is no correlation between number of visitors and number of trees. there is a correlation between number of visitors and number of trees. however, there is no causation. this is because there is an increase in the number of trees with an increase in the number of visitors. there is a correlation between number of visitors and number of trees. there may or may not be causation. further studies would have to be done to determine this. (c) data was collected at a tennis court. it showed that being older implies that a player will stay for a shorter length of time. what is likely true?

Explanation:

(a) Since playing a longer song doesn't necessarily mean more or fewer wrong notes, there is no correlation.
(b) Just because more visitors indicate more trees doesn't mean one causes the other, but there is a correlation and further study is needed for causation.
(c) Older players staying for a shorter time shows a correlation, and causation may or may not exist and needs more study.

Answer:

(a) There is no correlation between song length and number of wrong notes.
(b) There is a correlation between number of visitors and number of trees. There may or may not be causation. Further studies would have to be done to determine this.
(c) There is a correlation between age and length - of - stay. There may or may not be causation. Further studies would have to be done to determine this.