Question

label the parts of an atom on the diagram below.

1. what type of charge does a proton have?
2. what type of charge does a neutron have?
3. what type of charge does an electron have?
4. which two subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?
5. if an atom has 35 protons in the nucleus, how many electrons will it have orbiting the nucleus?
6. what is the atomic number of the atom in the diagram above?
7. what is the atomic mass/mass number of the atom in the diagram above?
8. how many protons are in the nucleus of an atom with an atomic number of 15?
9. how many electrons are in the nucleus of an atom with an atomic number of 20?
10. how many neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom with an atomic number of 25? (use periodic table for mass)
11. what is the mass number of an atom with 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons?
12. how many neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom that has an atomic mass of 36 and an atomic number of 25?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - particle charges

Protons have a positive charge.

Step2: Recall neutron charge

Neutrons are neutral, so they have no charge.

Step3: Recall electron charge

Electrons have a negative charge.

Step4: Recall nuclear - particle location

Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus.

Step5: Use charge - balance principle

In a neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. So if there are 35 protons, there are 35 electrons.

Step6: Recall atomic number definition

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. Counting the protons in the diagram gives the atomic number.

Step7: Recall mass number formula

Mass number = number of protons+number of neutrons. Count protons and neutrons in the diagram to find the mass number.

Step8: Recall atomic number - proton relationship

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. So an atom with atomic number 15 has 15 protons.

Step9: Recall electron - location fact

Electrons are outside the nucleus, so the number of electrons in the nucleus is 0.

Step10: Use periodic - table lookup

Look up the element with atomic number 25 (manganese) on the periodic table. The mass number is approximately the sum of protons and neutrons. Subtract the number of protons (25) from the mass number to find the number of neutrons.

Step11: Calculate mass number

Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons. For an atom with 3 protons and 4 neutrons, mass number=3 + 4=7.

Step12: Calculate neutrons

Mass number = number of protons+number of neutrons. Rearranging, number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons. For an atom with atomic mass 36 and atomic number 25, number of neutrons=36 - 25 = 11.

Answer:

1. Positive charge
2. No charge
3. Negative charge
4. Protons and neutrons
5. 35
6. [Number of protons in the diagram]
7. [Sum of protons and neutrons in the diagram]
8. 15
9. 0
10. [Number of neutrons calculated from periodic - table lookup for atomic number 25]
11. 7
12. 11