Question

match each diagram to the atom or ion it represents. drag each item to the appropriate bin. view available hint(s)

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the number of protons (atomic number) and electrons for each atom/ion:

Step 1: Analyze Phosphorus (P)

• Atomic number of P is 15 (protons = 15). For a neutral atom, electrons = protons. So P has 15 electrons.
• Diagram with \(15^+\) (protons) and \(15^-\) (electrons) matches P.

Step 2: Analyze \(P^{3+}\)

• \(P^{3+}\) is P with 3 electrons lost. So protons = 15, electrons = \(15 - 3 = 12\).
• Diagram with \(15^+\) and \(12^-\) matches \(P^{3+}\).

Step 3: Analyze \(P^{3-}\)

• \(P^{3-}\) is P with 3 electrons gained. So protons = 15, electrons = \(15 + 3 = 18\).
• Diagram with \(15^+\) and \(18^-\) matches \(P^{3-}\).

Step 4: Analyze Magnesium (Mg)

• Atomic number of Mg is 12 (protons = 12). For a neutral atom, electrons = protons. So Mg has 12 electrons.
• Diagram with \(12^+\) and \(12^-\) matches Mg.

Step 5: Analyze \(Mg^{2+}\)

• \(Mg^{2+}\) is Mg with 2 electrons lost. So protons = 12, electrons = \(12 - 2 = 10\).
• Diagram with \(12^+\) and \(10^-\) matches \(Mg^{2+}\).

Step 6: Analyze \(Mg^{2-}\)

• \(Mg^{2-}\) is Mg with 2 electrons gained. So protons = 12, electrons = \(12 + 2 = 14\).
• Diagram with \(12^+\) and \(14^-\) matches \(Mg^{2-}\).

Answer:

• P: Diagram with \(15^+\) and \(15^-\)
• \(P^{3+}\): Diagram with \(15^+\) and \(12^-\)
• \(P^{3-}\): Diagram with \(15^+\) and \(18^-\)
• Mg: Diagram with \(12^+\) and \(12^-\)
• \(Mg^{2+}\): Diagram with \(12^+\) and \(10^-\)
• \(Mg^{2-}\): Diagram with \(12^+\) and \(14^-\)