Question

name the following acids.
1 hcl
2 hno₃
3 h₂so₄
4 h₃po₄
5 hf
6 hbr
7 h₂so₃
8 hclo₃
9 h₃po₃
10 h₂co₃
name the following bases.
1 naoh
2 koh
3 ca(oh)₂
4 fe(oh)₃
5 cu(oh)₂
6 sn(oh)₄
7 nh₃
8 nh₄oh
9 sr(oh)₂
10 ba(oh)₂

Explanation:

Step1: Identify acid - naming rules

For binary acids (composed of hydrogen and one other element), the name starts with "hydro -" and ends with "-ic acid". For oxy - acids (containing hydrogen, oxygen, and another element), the name depends on the number of oxygen atoms. If the polyatomic anion ends with "-ate", the acid ends with "-ic acid", and if the polyatomic anion ends with "-ite", the acid ends with "-ous acid".

Step2: Name the acids

1. HCl: Hydrochloric acid
2. HNO₃: Nitric acid
3. H₂SO₄: Sulfuric acid
4. H₃PO₄: Phosphoric acid
5. HF: Hydrofluoric acid
6. HBr: Hydrobromic acid
7. H₂SO₃: Sulfurous acid
8. HClO₃: Chloric acid
9. H₃PO₃: Phosphorous acid
10. H₂CO₃: Carbonic acid

Step3: Identify base - naming rules

Bases are named as metal hydroxides. For ammonia and its derivatives, they have specific names.

Step4: Name the bases

1. NaOH: Sodium hydroxide
2. KOH: Potassium hydroxide
3. Ca(OH)₂: Calcium hydroxide
4. Fe(OH)₃: Iron(III) hydroxide
5. Cu(OH)₂: Copper(II) hydroxide
6. Sn(OH)₄: Tin(IV) hydroxide
7. NH₃: Ammonia
8. NH₄OH: Ammonium hydroxide
9. Sr(OH)₂: Strontium hydroxide
10. Ba(OH)₂: Barium hydroxide

Answer:

Acids:

1. Hydrochloric acid
2. Nitric acid
3. Sulfuric acid
4. Phosphoric acid
5. Hydrofluoric acid
6. Hydrobromic acid
7. Sulfurous acid
8. Chloric acid
9. Phosphorous acid
10. Carbonic acid

Bases:

1. Sodium hydroxide
2. Potassium hydroxide
3. Calcium hydroxide
4. Iron(III) hydroxide
5. Copper(II) hydroxide
6. Tin(IV) hydroxide
7. Ammonia
8. Ammonium hydroxide
9. Strontium hydroxide
10. Barium hydroxide