Question

question 23 of 39 metals and nonmetals can react with each other to form ions. complete each statement. a potassium atom dropdown dropdown to form a dropdown ion. a sulfur atom dropdown dropdown to form a dropdown ion.

Explanation:

For Potassium Atom:

Step1: Recall potassium's electron behavior

Potassium (K) is a metal in Group 1 of the periodic table. Metals in Group 1 tend to lose 1 electron to achieve a stable electron configuration (like a noble gas).

Step2: Determine ion formation

When a potassium atom loses 1 electron, it forms a positively charged ion (cation) because it has more protons than electrons. The charge is +1, so the ion is \( \text{K}^+ \). So the blanks are: loses, 1 electron, \( \text{K}^+ \) (or potassium, but \( \text{K}^+ \) is more precise).

For Sulfur Atom:

Step1: Recall sulfur's electron behavior

Sulfur (S) is a nonmetal in Group 16 of the periodic table. Nonmetals in Group 16 tend to gain 2 electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration (like a noble gas).

Step2: Determine ion formation

When a sulfur atom gains 2 electrons, it forms a negatively charged ion (anion) because it has more electrons than protons. The charge is -2, so the ion is \( \text{S}^{2-} \). So the blanks are: gains, 2 electrons, \( \text{S}^{2-} \) (or sulfide, but \( \text{S}^{2-} \) is more precise).

Answer:

• A potassium atom \(\boldsymbol{\text{loses}}\) \(\boldsymbol{\text{1 electron}}\) to form a \(\boldsymbol{\text{K}^+}\) (potassium) ion.
• A sulfur atom \(\boldsymbol{\text{gains}}\) \(\boldsymbol{\text{2 electrons}}\) to form a \(\boldsymbol{\text{S}^{2-}}\) (sulfide) ion.