Question

scenario: zayn is a fifth - grade student in sarasota county schools. after school, he participates in a tennis club. he observed that when the tennis ball hits the tennis court surface it bounces high into the air. when he got home, zayn researched online to see what happens when different kinds of balls hit a concrete surface. there were a variety of answers. however, it seems that the smaller tennis ball with rubber inside bounces the highest. zayn wonders if compared to a soccer and basketball, the tennis ball would truly bounce higher. he plans and completes the following experiment: testable question how does the type of ball affect the height of bounce? hypothesis different types of balls will bounce to different heights when dropped from the same height. it is hypothesized that a tennis ball will bounce higher than a basketball and a soccer ball. variables independent variable: type of ball (tennis ball, basketball, soccer ball). dependent variable: height of the bounce. controlled variables: drop height, surface type, method of measuring bounce height, and environmental conditions. control group the tennis ball bounce height data will be the control group. materials - 1 tennis ball (control group) - 1 basketball - 1 soccer ball - meter stick (marked in centimeters) - masking tape - a flat, hard surface (e.g., concrete floor) - notepad and pen for recording data procedure 1. ensure the flat surface is free of debris and is level. attach the meter stick to a wall with the tape. the drop height should be consistent (e.g., 1 meter). 2. control group: start with the tennis ball. hold the tennis ball at the marked height without any additional force and drop it. 3. measure the height of the first bounce using the meter stick. 4. record the height in centimeters. 5. repeat the drop three times to ensure accuracy and calculate the average bounce height. 6. experimental groups: repeat the above steps for the basketball and soccer ball. drop each ball from the same height as the tennis ball. measure and record the height of the first bounce for each ball. 7. perform three trials for each ball to obtain average bounce heights. data ball type bounce height (trial 1) bounce height (trial 2) bounce height (trial 3) average bounce height tennis ball 43 cm 48 cm 52 cm 48 cm soccer ball 24 cm 20 cm 19 cm 21 cm basketball 30 cm 31 cm 33 cm 31 cm 21. to answer this question, refer to the passage and its chart. what is an observation from this experiment? a. the tennis ball is the best type of ball. b. the concrete surface produces a better bounce. c. the average bounce for a basketball is 31 cm. d. the soccer ball bounces the least because it is too soft. 22. to answer this question, refer to the passage and its chart. which statement best describes the next step that zayn should take in his experiment? a. analyze his data to draw a conclusion. b. communicate his results. c. rewrite his hypothesis. d. complete a 4th trial for each ball.

Explanation:

1. An observation is a factual statement based on data. Option c provides a specific measurement from the data table. Options a and b are not direct observations, and option d is an inference.
2. After collecting data through multiple trials, the next logical step in the scientific - method process is to analyze the data to draw a conclusion.

Answer:

1. c. The average bounce for a basketball is 31 cm.
2. a. Analyze his data to draw a conclusion.