Question

section 5 - 5 voltage sources in series

1. series aiding is a term sometimes used to describe voltage sources of the same polarity in series. if a 5 v and a 9 v source are connected in this manner, what is the total voltage?
2. the term opposing means that sources are in series with opposite polarities. if a 12 v and a 3 v battery are opposing, what is the total voltage?
3. determine the total source voltage in each circuit of figure 5 - 75.

Explanation:

Step1: Understand series - aiding rule

When voltage sources are in series - aiding (same polarity), the total voltage is the sum of the individual voltages.
For question 27, we have a 5V and a 9V source in series - aiding.
$V_{total}=5 + 9$
$V_{total}=14V$

Step2: Understand series - opposing rule

When voltage sources are in series - opposing (opposite polarities), the total voltage is the difference between the magnitudes of the individual voltages.
For question 28, we have a 12V and a 3V source in series - opposing.
$V_{total}=|12 - 3|$
$V_{total}=9V$

Step3: Analyze Figure 5 - 75 (not provided here, but general principle)

For each circuit in Figure 5 - 75, we apply the above - mentioned rules. If sources are in series - aiding, sum them; if in series - opposing, find the difference.

Answer:

Question 27: 14V
Question 28: 9V
Question 29: Analyze Figure 5 - 75 using series - aiding and series - opposing rules.