Question

this is the solid layer of the earth. it includes the crust and the lithosphere. a atmosphere b geosphere c hydrosphere d lithosphere

Explanation:

The lithosphere is the solid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. The hydrosphere is the water - related part of the Earth, the geosphere is a more general term for the solid parts but less specific than lithosphere in this context, and the atmosphere is the gaseous layer.

Answer:

D. lithosphere