Question

step 2: answer the sample questions. explain why your answers are correct. 1. ben wants to model how the motion of particles changes with temperature. he considers water in an iron pot. ben draws a model to show how the water particles and iron particles move at room temperature. then, he draws a second model to show how the water particles and iron particles move as the pot of water is heated. how should ben’s second model appear? a. the water particles should vibrate faster, and the iron particles should not move. b. both the water particles and the iron particles should slide past each other faster. c. the water particles should slide past each other faster, and the iron particles should vibrate faster. d. the water particles should move freely in all directions, and the iron particles should slide past each other faster. explain: 2. water has a melting point of 0°c and a boiling point of 100°c. between these temperatures, it exists as a liquid. look at the graphs to the right. which of the following is true, based on the data in the graphs above? a. substance b is a liquid at room temperature (21°c). b. substance b has a higher boiling point than water. c. substance b does not change states, the way water does. d. substance b has a higher melting point than water. explain:

Explanation:

Question 1:

Step1: Understand particle motion in solids and liquids

In a solid like iron, particles vibrate in place. In a liquid like water, particles slide past each other. Heating increases the kinetic - energy of particles.

Step2: Analyze the effect of heating on water and iron particles

When the pot of water is heated, water (a liquid) particles slide past each other faster due to increased kinetic energy. Iron (a solid) particles vibrate faster as their kinetic energy also increases.

Question 2:

Step1: Analyze the melting and boiling points of water

Water melts at 0°C and boils at 100°C.

Step2: Analyze the graphs for Substance B

From the graphs, we can see that Substance B has a higher melting point than water (since the melting - point plateau of Substance B is at a higher temperature on the thermal - energy graph).

Answer:

1. c. The water particles should slide past each other faster, and the iron particles should vibrate faster.
2. d. Substance B has a higher melting point than water.