Question

text-dependent questions
directions: for the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences.

1. part a: which of the following best describes the authors main claim in the text?

a. water scarcity is not something that humans have any control over, as it is caused by natural events.
b. humans can reverse the damage they have inflicted on the earths water supplies if they reduce their pollution output.
c. widespread water scarcity threatens the right that all humans should have to access clean drinking water, as it is essential to live.
d. water scarcity is an issue primarily caused by humans that needs to be addressed by humans.

1. part b: which detail from the text best describes the answer to part a?

a. \droughts are a natural process that have occurred throughout history. the effects of prolonged drought often depend on both severity and how people react to them.\ (paragraph 4)
b. \in ranipet, india, leather tanning wastes contaminate groundwater with the chemical hexavalent chromium, leading to water that residents say stings like an insect.\ (paragraph 6)
c. \chernobyl, ukraine, the infamous site of a nuclear meltdown, still has contaminated water because of that meltdown.\ (paragraph 8)
d. \water is more important for survival than food, and global access to water is a fundamental human issue.\ (paragraph 9)

1. how does physical water scarcity compare to economic water scarcity?

a. physical water scarcity is caused when there is naturally a lack of water in an area, while economic water scarcity is caused when humans alter a once useable water source.
b. physical water scarcity is caused solely by droughts, while economic water scarcity is caused by humans contamination of water.
c. physical water scarcity is caused by a natural lack of water in an area, while economic water scarcity is caused by a regions inability to afford water.
d. physical water scarcity is caused by humans contamination of a water source, while economic water scarcity is caused by the lack of natural water sources in an area.

Explanation:

1. PART A: The main - claim questions often look for the over - arching message of the text. Option D best represents a common stance on water scarcity as a human - caused issue needing human intervention.
2. PART B: To support the idea that water scarcity is a human - caused issue needing human attention, the example of water contamination in Ranipet (human activity of leather tanning contaminating water) is relevant.
3. Physical water scarcity is about natural lack of water, and economic water scarcity is about inability to afford water. Option C correctly differentiates between them.

Answer:

1. D. Water scarcity is an issue primarily caused by humans that needs to be addressed by humans.
2. B. "In Ranipet, India, leather tanning wastes contaminate groundwater with the chemical hexavalent chromium, leading to water that residents say stings like an insect." (Paragraph 6)
3. C. Physical water scarcity is caused by a natural lack of water in an area, while economic water scarcity is caused by a region's inability to afford water.