Question

thermal energy definition: the total energy of all the moving particles in a substance.
factors that affect thermal energy

1. temperature - higher = faster particle motion = more energy
2. mass - more particles = more total thermal energy
3. specific heat capacity some substances store more heat than others

example: a bathtub of warm water has more / less thermal energy than a cup of hot water because
heat definition: the __________ of thermal energy from a ________ object to a __________ object.
key idea: heat always moves from __________ → __________ until both objects reach the same temperature.
types of heat transfer

1. conduction

• transfer of heat through ____________ between particles.
• happens mostly in ____________ (especially metals)
• example: ____________

1. convection

transfer of heat by the ____________ of fluids (liquids or gases).
warm fluid __________ and cool fluid __________.
example: ____________
. radiation
transfer of heat by ____________.
can travel through ____________ (no matter needed).
example: ____________

Explanation:

Thermal energy depends on temperature, mass and specific - heat capacity. A bathtub of warm water has more thermal energy than a cup of hot water because it has a greater mass. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a colder object. Heat moves from hot to cold until thermal equilibrium is reached. Conduction is heat transfer through direct contact between particles, mainly in solids. An example is a metal spoon heating up in a hot soup. Convection is heat transfer by the movement of fluids, where warm fluid rises and cool fluid sinks, like in a pot of boiling water. Radiation is heat transfer by electromagnetic waves and can travel through a vacuum, such as the Sun's heat reaching the Earth.

Answer:

• Example: A bathtub of warm water has more thermal energy than a cup of hot water because it has a greater mass.
• Heat Definition: The transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a colder object.
• Key Idea: Heat always moves from hot → cold until both objects reach the same temperature.
• Conduction:
• Transfer of heat through direct contact between particles.
• Happens mostly in solids (especially metals).
• Example: A metal spoon heating up in a hot soup.
• Convection:
• Transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
• Warm fluid rises and cool fluid sinks.
• Example: Boiling water in a pot.
• Radiation:
• Transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.
• Can travel through a vacuum (no matter needed).
• Example: The Sun's heat reaching the Earth.