Question

unit 1 - earth’s abiotic systems - unit review
resources to help you review for the test:

• review your notes that you took in your packet & any labs or activities we did
• review each set of slides (available on canvas)
• with the slides on canvas there are also videos you can review
• review daily formative questions in canvas (can be reopened to see correct answers)
• complete this review sheet.

1. the layer of magma that the earth’s crust moves on is called the
2. plate tectonics is the process which forms mountains, causes earthquakes, and more, is powered by heat from deep within the earth.
3. what kind of boundary causes seafloor spreading (aka new oceanic crust)?
4. the juan de fuca subduction zone off the western coast of north america (part of the ring of fire around the pacific ocean) has led to mountain - building and volcanoes in washington state, oregon, and canada. this happens because as one plate sinks under the other it melts back into magma and rises to the surface, which is called
5. what kind of boundary causes earthquakes in southern california? and what is happening with the plates at that boundary? circle one

they are colliding / they are spreading apart / they are sliding past each other

1. what is a mixture of geologic and organic components? (hint: crops are grown in it. and don’t write “dirt”)
2. what is the broken - down organic matter present in soil?
3. water will seep into the cracks of rocks and when it freezes, pieces of rock will break off. this is an example of
4. a steep slope is more likely to have ____ erosion and ____ soil when compared to a shallower slope. (use words “more” or “less” in each blank)
5. if the b soil horizon, known as subsoil, was very close to the surface that would mean the a - horizon is probably thick / thin (circle one), and it would be harder / easier (circle one) to grow plants in.
6. give an example of a cause of soil degradation caused by humans

Explanation:

Step1: Answer question 1

The layer of magma that the Earth's crust moves on is the asthenosphere.

Step2: Answer question 2

Plate tectonics is the process which forms mountains, causes earthquakes etc. and is powered by heat from deep within the Earth.

Step3: Answer question 3

Divergent boundaries cause seafloor spreading (new oceanic crust).

Step4: Answer question 4

Subduction is the process where one plate sinks under the other, melts back into magma and rises to the surface as seen in the Juan - de - Fuca subduction zone.

Step5: Answer question 5

In southern California, transform boundaries cause earthquakes and the plates are sliding past each other.

Step6: Answer question 6

Soil is a mixture of geologic and organic components.

Step7: Answer question 7

Humus is the broken - down organic matter present in soil.

Step8: Answer question 8

Water seeping into rock cracks and breaking rock pieces when it freezes is an example of physical weathering.

Step9: Answer question 9

A steep slope is more likely to have more erosion and less soil compared to a shallower slope.

Step10: Answer question 10

If the B soil horizon (subsoil) is very close to the surface, the A - horizon is probably thin and it would be harder to grow plants.

Step11: Answer question 11

Over - farming is an example of a cause of soil degradation caused by humans.

Answer:

1. Asthenosphere
2. Plate tectonics
3. Divergent
4. Subduction
5. Transform; they are sliding past each other
6. Soil
7. Humus
8. Physical
9. more; less
10. thin; harder
11. Over - farming