Question

use the statistical and critical thinking flow chart interactive to answer the following question. in a statistical study, 500 adult patients were treated for high blood pressure and 495 of them had lower blood pressure after the treatment. which one of the following is a correct statement? choose the correct answer below. a. the study has statistical significance because the results are extremely unlikely to occur by chance. b. the study has statistical significance because it is important to lower blood pressure in adults. c. the study does not have statistical significance because some of the treated patients did not have lower blood pressure. d. the study has statistical significance because the sample size of 500 is large.

Explanation:

To determine statistical significance, we assess if results are unlikely to occur by chance. Here, 495 out of 500 patients had lower blood pressure, a very high success rate. This is extremely unlikely to happen randomly. Option B is about clinical importance (practical significance), not statistical. Option C is wrong as some not responding doesn't mean no statistical significance. Option D is incorrect because sample size alone doesn't guarantee statistical significance; it's about the result's unlikelihood by chance. So A is correct.

Answer:

A. The study has statistical significance because the results are extremely unlikely to occur by chance.