what fraction of the daughter material exist after 2 half - lives? objective 5: rewind your mind 1. how are minerals place into families/groups? 2. how are rocks classified? 3. give an example of a rock cycle process and how it impacts the appearance of the rock it forms 4. describe the mechanism for plate motion. 5. list and describe the movements of the 3 major plate boundary types. what landforms are created at each? 6. list and describe the motion (of the waves & the material they pass through) of the 3 types of seismic waves.

Question

Accepted Answer

# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall half - life concept
The amount of parent material remaining after $n$ half - lives is given by $N = N_0\times(\frac{1}{2})^n$, where $N_0$ is the initial amount of parent material. The amount of daughter material $D$ is related to the parent material by $D=N_0 - N$.
## Step2: Calculate for $n = 2$
When $n = 2$, $N = N_0\times(\frac{1}{2})^2=\frac{N_0}{4}$. Then $D=N_0-\frac{N_0}{4}=\frac{3N_0}{4}$. The fraction of daughter material is $\frac{D}{N_0}$.
## Step3: Find the fraction
$\frac{D}{N_0}=\frac{\frac{3N_0}{4}}{N_0}=\frac{3}{4}$

# Answer:
$\frac{3}{4}$

1. # Brief Explanations:
Minerals are grouped based on their chemical composition and crystal structure. For example, silicates are minerals that contain silicon and oxygen.
# Answer:
Minerals are grouped based on chemical composition and crystal structure.

2. # Brief Explanations:
Rocks are classified into three main types: igneous (formed from cooling and solidification of magma or lava), sedimentary (formed from accumulation and compaction of sediments), and metamorphic (formed from existing rocks that are changed by heat, pressure, or chemical processes).
# Answer:
Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

3. # Brief Explanations:
An example of a rock - cycle process is the formation of sedimentary rock from igneous rock. Weathering and erosion break down igneous rock into sediments. These sediments are then transported, deposited, compacted, and cemented to form sedimentary rock. The appearance changes from a crystalline igneous texture to a layered sedimentary texture.
# Answer:
Weathering and erosion of igneous rock form sediments which become sedimentary rock, changing texture from crystalline to layered.

4. # Brief Explanations:
The mechanism for plate motion is thought to be driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle. Hot, less - dense material rises, while cooler, denser material sinks, creating a circular motion that drags the tectonic plates above.
# Answer:
Plate motion is driven by convection currents in the mantle.

5. # Brief Explanations:
- Divergent boundaries: Plates move apart. Mid - ocean ridges are formed as new crust is created.
- Convergent boundaries: Plates move towards each other. Subduction zones, mountains, and volcanic arcs can form.
- Transform boundaries: Plates slide past each other. Faults are created.
# Answer:
Divergent: Plates move apart, mid - ocean ridges form.
Convergent: Plates move towards each other, subduction zones, mountains, volcanic arcs form.
Transform: Plates slide past each other, faults form.

6. # Brief Explanations:
- P - waves (primary waves): They are compressional waves. The material moves back and forth in the same direction as the wave travels. They can travel through solids, liquids, and gases.
- S - waves (secondary waves): They are shear waves. The material moves perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. They can only travel through solids.
- Surface waves: They move in a rolling or swaying motion near the Earth's surface. They are slower than P and S waves and cause the most damage during an earthquake.
# Answer:
P - waves: Compressional, material moves parallel to wave, travels through solids, liquids, gases.
S - waves: Shear, material moves perpendicular to wave, travels through solids only.
Surface waves: Rolling/swaying near surface, slowest, most damaging.

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Question

Explanation:

Step1: Recall half - life concept

Step2: Calculate for \(n = 2\)

Step3: Find the fraction

Answer: