Question

1. where can you get the software package? why is so called it a package?
2. how software works?
3. what are the difference between system software and application software?
4. why application software may be independent of hardware?
5. list 5 examples of system software and application software.
6. list the main tasks (functions) of an operating system.
7. what is a system call?
8. list the three technologies to enhance os performance.
9. what is called virtual memory? why need it?
10. what is paging?

what is mapping

Explanation:

1. Software packages can be obtained from official websites, app - stores, or software distribution platforms. It is called a package as it bundles multiple related files, programs, or components together for easy installation and use.
2. Software works by receiving input, processing it through algorithms and instructions, and producing output. It interacts with the computer's hardware and other software components.
3. System software manages and controls the computer's hardware and provides a platform for application software to run. Application software is designed for specific user - oriented tasks like word processing or gaming.
4. Application software can be independent of hardware because of the presence of an operating system and middleware that provide abstractions and standard interfaces, allowing the software to be ported across different hardware platforms.
5. System software examples: Windows, Linux, macOS, BIOS, device drivers. Application software examples: Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop, Spotify, Google Chrome, Minecraft.
6. Main tasks of an operating system include process management, memory management, file management, device management, and providing a user interface.
7. A system call is a programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the kernel of the operating system it is executing on.
8. Three technologies to enhance OS performance are caching, virtual memory, and multi - threading.
9. Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows a computer to compensate for shortages of physical memory by temporarily transferring pages of data from random access memory (RAM) to disk storage. It is needed to run large programs when there is not enough physical memory available.
10. Paging is a memory management scheme that divides the logical address space (program) and the physical address space (main memory) into fixed - size blocks called pages and page frames respectively. Mapping is the process of associating logical addresses in a program to physical addresses in memory.

Answer:

1. Software packages can be obtained from official websites, app - stores, or software distribution platforms. It is called a package as it bundles multiple related files, programs, or components together for easy installation and use.
2. Software works by receiving input, processing it through algorithms and instructions, and producing output. It interacts with the computer's hardware and other software components.
3. System software manages and controls the computer's hardware and provides a platform for application software to run. Application software is designed for specific user - oriented tasks like word processing or gaming.
4. Application software can be independent of hardware because of the presence of an operating system and middleware that provide abstractions and standard interfaces, allowing the software to be ported across different hardware platforms.
5. System software: Windows, Linux, macOS, BIOS, device drivers. Application software: Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop, Spotify, Google Chrome, Minecraft.
6. Process management, memory management, file management, device management, providing a user interface.
7. A programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the kernel of the operating system it is executing on.
8. Caching, virtual memory, multi - threading.
9. Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows a computer to compensate for shortages of physical memory by temporarily transferring pages of data from random access memory (RAM) to disk storage. It is needed to run large programs when there is not enough physical memory available.
10. Paging is a memory management scheme that divides the logical address space (program) and the physical address space (main memory) into fixed - size blocks called pages and page frames respectively. Mapping is the process of associating logical addresses in a program to physical addresses in memory.