Question

which statements describe lattice energy? it is the energy the ions absorb when they form a crystalline compound. it increases as the size of the ions decreases. it increases as the charge on the ions increases. it explains why ions form molecules. it is a measure of the strength of the bonds between ions in a compound.

Explanation:

• Lattice energy is the energy released (not absorbed) when gaseous ions form a crystalline ionic compound, so the first statement is incorrect.
• Lattice energy is inversely related to ionic size: smaller ions have stronger attractions, so lattice energy increases as ion size decreases, making the second statement correct.
• Lattice energy is directly related to ionic charge: higher charges create stronger electrostatic attractions, so lattice energy increases as ion charge increases, making the third statement correct.
• Lattice energy applies to ionic crystalline compounds, not molecular formation from ions, so the fourth statement is incorrect.
• Lattice energy quantifies the strength of the electrostatic forces (ionic bonds) holding ions in the crystal lattice, making the fifth statement correct.

Answer:

• It increases as the size of the ions decreases.
• It increases as the charge on the ions increases.
• It is a measure of the strength of the bonds between ions in a compound.