Question

name _____________ period __ date ____

1. when bonding with nonmetals, metal atoms tend to give | take | share their valence electrons and make positively | negatively | neutral charged atoms called __ ions | isotopes .
2. when bonding with metals, nonmetal atoms tend to give | take | share their valence electrons and make positively | negatively | neutral charged atoms.

(chart: columns for metal ion, valence electrons, charge of ion, oxidation number, nonmetal ion, valence electrons, charge of ion, oxidation number, formula; rows with aluminum (3 valence e⁻, +3 charge, al⁺³, chlorine (7 valence e⁻, -1 charge, cl⁻, formula alcl₃), then magnesium, bromine; sodium, oxygen; lithium, phosphorus; calcium, oxygen; calcium, sulfur; beryllium, nitrogen)

Explanation:

Step1: Answer ionic bonding questions

Metals lose valence electrons to form positive ions (cations, a type of ion). Nonmetals gain these electrons to form negative ions (anions).

Step2: Fill metal ion properties

Use group numbers: Group 1 (Li, Na) has 1 valence electron, forms +1 ions; Group 2 (Mg, Ca, Be) has 2 valence electrons, forms +2 ions.

Step3: Fill nonmetal ion properties

Group 17 (Cl, Br) has 7 valence electrons, forms -1 ions; Group 16 (O, S) has 6 valence electrons, forms -2 ions; Group 15 (P, N) has 5 valence electrons, forms -3 ions.

Step4: Write neutral ionic formulas

Balance total positive/negative charge: e.g., Mg²⁺ + 2Br⁻ → MgBr₂; 3Li⁺ + P³⁻ → Li₃P.

Answer:

1. give; positively; ions
2. take; negatively

Metal Ion	Valence Electrons	Charge of Ion	Oxidation number	Nonmetal Ion	Valence Electrons	Charge of Ion	Oxidation number	Formula
Magnesium	2	+2	Mg²⁺	Bromine	7	-1	Br⁻	MgBr₂
Sodium	1	+1	Na⁺	Oxygen	6	-2	O²⁻	Na₂O
Lithium	1	+1	Li⁺	Phosphorus	5	-3	P³⁻	Li₃P
Calcium	2	+2	Ca²⁺	Oxygen	6	-2	O²⁻	CaO
Calcium	2	+2	Ca²⁺	Sulfur	6	-2	S²⁻	CaS
Beryllium	2	+2	Be²⁺	Nitrogen	5	-3	N³⁻	Be₃N₂