Question

complete the passage about ionic structures using words from the list: alternate, forces, giant, lattice, negative, positive, strong. a sodium chloride lattice is a regular arrangement of positive sodium ions and negative chloride ions which attract with each other. the ions are held together by strong ionic attractive forces. this structure is called a giant ionic structure. 7 1. put a ring around the electron configurations which are stable atoms. 2,8 2,5 2,8,8 2,8,8,2 2 2,8,3 2,8,18,8 2 2. complete the diagrams below to show the electronic arrangement of the stable ions. include brackets and charges. a. k b. f c. o d. p 3 - e. al f. mg 6 3. complete the ionic structure of magnesium sulfide. show all the electrons as dots. mg 2+ s

Explanation:

Step1: Identify stable electron - configurations

Stable electron - configurations for atoms often follow the octet rule (except for some small atoms like H and He). Noble - gas electron - configurations are stable. 2,8 corresponds to Ne, 2,8,8 corresponds to Ar, and 2,8,18,8 corresponds to Kr. So the stable electron - configurations are 2,8; 2,8,8; 2,8,18,8.

Step2: Determine stable ions' electronic arrangements

• For K: Potassium (K) has atomic number 19. Its electron - configuration is 2,8,8,1. It loses one electron to form a stable ion with electron - configuration 2,8,8. The ion is [K]⁺ with the electron - diagram having 3 electron - shells with 2, 8, 8 electrons respectively.
• For F: Fluorine (F) has atomic number 9. Its electron - configuration is 2,7. It gains one electron to form a stable ion with electron - configuration 2,8. The ion is [F]⁻.
• For O: Oxygen (O) has atomic number 8. Its electron - configuration is 2,6. It gains two electrons to form a stable ion with electron - configuration 2,8. The ion is [O]²⁻.
• For P: Phosphorus (P) has atomic number 15. Its electron - configuration is 2,8,5. It gains three electrons to form a stable ion with electron - configuration 2,8,8. The ion is [P]³⁻.
• For Al: Aluminum (Al) has atomic number 13. Its electron - configuration is 2,8,3. It loses three electrons to form a stable ion with electron - configuration 2,8. The ion is [Al]³⁺.
• For Mg: Magnesium (Mg) has atomic number 12. Its electron - configuration is 2,8,2. It loses two electrons to form a stable ion with electron - configuration 2,8. The ion is [Mg]²⁺.

Step3: Complete the ionic structure of magnesium sulfide

Magnesium (Mg) has atomic number 12. It loses 2 electrons to form Mg²⁺ with electron - configuration 2,8. Sulfur (S) has atomic number 16. It gains 2 electrons to form S²⁻ with electron - configuration 2,8,8. The ionic structure of magnesium sulfide has a Mg²⁺ ion with 2 electron - shells (2,8 electrons) and a S²⁻ ion with 3 electron - shells (2,8,8 electrons).

Answer:

1. The stable electron - configurations are 2,8; 2,8,8; 2,8,18,8.

2.

• a. [K]⁺ with electron - diagram having 3 electron - shells with 2, 8, 8 electrons respectively.
• b. [F]⁻
• c. [O]²⁻
• d. [P]³⁻
• e. [Al]³⁺
• f. [Mg]²⁺

1. The ionic structure has a Mg²⁺ ion with 2 electron - shells (2,8 electrons) and a S²⁻ ion with 3 electron - shells (2,8,8 electrons).