Question

complete the sentences about acids, bases, and ph using the words provided. 1. a(n) (click to select) acts to increase the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. 2. a(n) (click to select) acts to decrease the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. 3. a(n) (click to select) acts to maintain a relatively stable concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. 4. as the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution decreases, the ph (click to select). 5. as the ph of a solution increases, the concentration of (click to select) ions increases. 6. the ph of a solution is defined as the (click to select) of the hydrogen ion concentration. 7. as the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution increases, the ph (click to select).

Explanation:

1. Acids release hydrogen ions, increasing their concentration in solution.
2. Bases accept or reduce hydrogen ions, lowering their concentration in solution.
3. Buffers resist pH changes, stabilizing hydrogen ion concentrations.
4. pH is defined as $-\log_{10}[H^+]$, so lower $[H^+]$ raises pH.
5. Higher pH means lower $[H^+]$, so hydroxide ($OH^-$) ion concentration increases.
6. The formal definition of pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.
7. Since pH follows $-\log_{10}[H^+]$, higher $[H^+]$ lowers pH.

Answer:

1. A(n) acid acts to increase the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
2. A(n) base acts to decrease the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
3. A(n) buffer acts to maintain a relatively stable concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
4. As the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution decreases, the pH increases.
5. As the pH of a solution increases, the concentration of hydroxide ions increases.
6. The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.
7. As the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution increases, the pH decreases.