Question

1 composition of matter (continued)
classify each substance as an element or a compound.
calcium chalk hydrogen salt water
carbon chlorine mercury sodium zinc
carbon copper oxygen sugar
dioxide
elements
compounds

Explanation:

Step1: Define Element and Compound

An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom. A compound is a pure substance made of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.

Step2: Classify Each Substance

• Elements: Substances made of one type of atom.
• Calcium, Carbon, Chlorine, Mercury, Sodium, Zinc, Copper, Oxygen, Hydrogen (wait, original list: calcium, carbon, chlorine, mercury, sodium, zinc, copper, oxygen, hydrogen? Wait the given list: first column: calcium, carbon, carbon, dioxide; second: chalk, chlorine, copper, (empty?); third: hydrogen, mercury, oxygen, (empty?); fourth: salt, sodium, sugar, (empty?); fifth: water, zinc, (empty?); Wait the table has rows: first row: calcium, chalk, hydrogen, salt, water; second: carbon, chlorine, mercury, sodium, zinc; third: carbon, copper, oxygen, sugar, (empty); fourth: dioxide, (empty), (empty), (empty), (empty). Wait maybe better to list each substance:

Substances: calcium, chalk, hydrogen, salt, water, carbon, chlorine, mercury, sodium, zinc, carbon, copper, oxygen, sugar, dioxide.

Now classify:

Elements (single type of atom): calcium, carbon, chlorine, mercury, sodium, zinc, copper, oxygen, hydrogen.

Compounds (multiple types of atoms): chalk (CaCO₃), salt (NaCl), water (H₂O), sugar (e.g., C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁), dioxide (e.g., CO₂, but here maybe CO₂? Wait "dioxide" – probably carbon dioxide? So CO₂ is a compound. Also chalk is CaCO₃, salt NaCl, water H₂O, sugar (organic compound), dioxide (like CO₂).

Wait let's list each:

1. Calcium: Element (Ca)
2. Chalk: Compound (CaCO₃)
3. Hydrogen: Element (H)
4. Salt: Compound (NaCl)
5. Water: Compound (H₂O)
6. Carbon: Element (C)
7. Chlorine: Element (Cl)
8. Mercury: Element (Hg)
9. Sodium: Element (Na)
10. Zinc: Element (Zn)
11. Carbon: Element (C)
12. Copper: Element (Cu)
13. Oxygen: Element (O)
14. Sugar: Compound (e.g., C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)
15. Dioxide: Assuming Carbon Dioxide (CO₂), Compound.

Now fill the table:

Elements Column:

Calcium, Carbon, Chlorine, Mercury, Sodium, Zinc, Carbon, Copper, Oxygen, Hydrogen

Compounds Column:

Chalk, Salt, Water, Sugar, Dioxide

Answer:

Elements:

Calcium, Carbon, Chlorine, Mercury, Sodium, Zinc, Carbon, Copper, Oxygen, Hydrogen

Compounds:

Chalk, Salt, Water, Sugar, Dioxide

(Note: If "dioxide" is unclear, but based on context, it's a compound. Also, ensure each substance is classified correctly by checking if it's a single element or a combination of elements.)