Question

the diagram shows hydrogen bonds between water molecules. label the diagram to show how hydrogen bonds form. a label may be used once, twice, or not at all.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall water molecule structure

A water molecule ($\ce{H_2O}$) has one oxygen (O) and two hydrogens (H). Oxygen is more electronegative, so the O - H bonds are polar, with H having a partial positive charge ($\delta^+$) and O having a partial negative charge ($\delta^-$).

Step2: Identify hydrogen bond formation

Hydrogen bonds form between the partially positive H of one water molecule and the partially negative O of another water molecule.

Step3: Label the diagram

• The large blue atom in a water molecule is O (oxygen).
• The small light - blue atoms are H (hydrogen).
• The partial positive charge ($\text{H}^+$ or $\delta^+$) should be on H, and the hydrogen bond is between the $\text{H}^+$ (or $\delta^+$) of one H and the O of another molecule.

For the given diagram:

• The central blue atom (in a water molecule) is O.
• The small light - blue atoms attached to O are H.
• The atom with the partial positive charge (to form hydrogen bond) is H (with $\text{H}^+$ or $\delta^+$). The hydrogen bond is between the $\text{H}^+$ of one H and the O of another water molecule.

So, the labels should be:

• The large blue sphere: O
• The small light - blue spheres: H
• The sphere with the partial positive charge: $\text{H}^+$ (or $\delta^+$)
• The hydrogen bond is between $\text{H}^+$ (of one H) and O (of another molecule)

Answer:

• Large blue sphere: O
• Small light - blue spheres: H
• Sphere with partial positive charge: $\text{H}^+$ (or $\delta^+$)
• Hydrogen bond between $\text{H}^+$ (of H) and O (of another $\ce{H_2O}$)